摘要:边缘作为图像的一项基本特征，往往含有大量的信息。边缘检测技术作为一种重要的图像处理技术，被广泛应用于各个领域。边缘检测技术涉及到数字图像处理、模式识别、计算机视觉、人工智能等多个学科，具有重大的理论研究意义和广阔的应用前景。一个完整的边缘检测系统包括图像的滤波、图像的增强、边缘检测和边缘定位四个部分组成，其中边缘的检测是其中的核心部分。本文主要是基于边缘检测进行分析研究的,主要的研究内容为：
（1）首先详细的介绍了边缘检测所需的基础知识，如边缘的定义以及边缘的类型等，边缘检测的一般流程和图像预处理的相关知识。
（2）接下来对常用的边缘检测算子，如梯度算子、Prewitt算子以及Sobel算子、Laplacian算子、LOG算子进行了深入的研究，在掌握理论的基础上研究了各个算子的优缺点，并在Matlab中验证了常用算子对含有噪声图像的敏感程度，并对它们进行对比分析，最后给出边缘检测仿真结果。
（3）边缘检测系统的设计与实现，深入学习Matlab以及Matlab界面软件，熟悉该软件中有关图像处理的函数以及使用技巧，在熟练掌握编程软件的基础上，完成对边缘检测系统的设计与实现，并在实际应用中完成了对图像的边缘检测，取得了良好的边缘检测效果。
关键词：边缘检测；图像处理；Matlab；界面编程
ABSTRACT:As a basic characteristic of the image, the edge often contains large amounts of information. As an important image processing technology, the edge detection technique widely used in various fields. Edge detection techniques related to digital image processing, pattern recognition, computer vision and artificial intelligence, multi-disciplinary, with great theoretical significance and potential applications. A complete edge detection system consists of four parts of the image filtering, image enhancement, edge detection and edge location, which edge detection of the core part. This article is mainly based on edge detection analysis study, the research contents include:
(1) First described in detail the basic knowledge required for edge detection, such as the definition of the edge and the edge of the measurement type, the general process of edge detection and image processing knowledge.
(2) Next, the commonly used edge detection operators such as gradient operator, Prewitt operator, Sobel operator, Laplacian operator, LOG operator in-depth research and study to master the theory on the basis of each operator the advantages and disadvantages, and in Matlab to verify the sensitivity of the commonly used operator on the noise image, and they were analyzed. Finally, the simulation results of edge detection.
(3) Edge detection system design and implementation, in-depth study of Matlab and Matlab interface software, the software of mathematics in the image processing function and the use of skills, on the basis of proficiency in the programming software to complete the design and implementation of edge detection system done in practical applications on image edge detection, to obtain good recognition results.
Key words: Edge Detection；Image Processing；Matlab；Interface programming
