摘 要:随着地球上石油、煤炭、天然气等传统不可再生资源的日益减少，外加日渐严重的化石燃料燃烧产生的环境污染，人们开始发掘和探索太阳能作为替代者。地球上94%的能源由太阳能提供，根据目前太阳产生的核能速率估算，氢的储量足够维持600亿年，而地球内部组织因热核反应聚合成氢，寿命约为50亿年，从这个意义上讲，太阳能是取之不尽，用之不竭的。
太阳能路灯是有效利用太阳能的一种方式，由太阳能电池板、蓄电池、控制器、负载以及灯杆组成。能够实现白天充电，晚上放电的功能。它利用光生伏打效应将太阳能转化为电能储存在蓄电池中，再通过控制器向负载供电。
太阳能路灯系统能够实现充放电保护及各种短路保护，通过最大功率点跟踪算法在固定电池板倾角的情况下实现高转化率，高利用率。
关键词：光生伏打效应 硬件设计 充放电控制MPPT算法
ABSTRACT:With the shrinking of such as oil, coal, natural gas on earth of the traditional non-renewable resources, coupled with increasingly serious environmental pollution from the burning of fossil fuels, people began to discover and explore solar as a replacement. 94% of earth's energy provided by solar energy, according to the current rate of the sun produces nuclear energy estimation, hydrogen storage of enough to maintain in 60 billion, and earth's internal organization because thermonuclear reaction polymerization into hydrogen, life is about 5 billion years, in this sense, the solar energy is inexhaustible, inexhaustible.
Solar street light is an effective way of using solar energy, from solar panels, battery, controller, the load and the composition of light pole. The function of the discharge can achieve charge during the day, night. It uses photovoltaic effect converts solar energy into electrical energy stored in the battery, then supply power to load by the controller.
Solar street light system is able to realize the charge and discharge protection and short circuit protection, by maximum power point tracking algorithm under the condition of the fixed panel Angle to achieve high conversion rate, high utilization rate.
Keywords: photovoltaic effect; hardware design; charge and discharge control; MPPT
