摘要:随着科学技术的发展，全球人口的急剧增加，人们生活水平和消费水平的不断增长，环境问题已经成为当今世界的主题之一，而如何有效地利用资源是环境问题的重中之重。
本毕业设计的目的是针对不同种类的生物质材料，对其热解特性进行实验研究。在收集资料的基础上，提出竹材、木材、桑树枝热解的实验方案，并完成这些材料的热解特性实验研究，分析和整理热力试验的有关数据。
根据工业分析结果的比较，竹材、桑树枝的挥发分分别为68.88%和67.48%，固定碳分别为14.25%和18.00%，这两项指标均高于木材，另一方面竹材和桑树枝的水分都不高，在10%左右，热解时从外界吸收的热量并不多，因此将竹材用于高温热解，将桑树枝用于低温热解是具有广阔前景的。而根据热值分析的结果比较，竹材和桑树枝的热值分别是16573.19kJ/kg和17056kJ/kg，均高于木材的热值，超过了标准煤热值的一半，因此将它们用于焚烧产热也是一条理想的途经。从热重实验可知这两种材料的热解过程开始反应的温度大约在200℃左右，相对较低，放热过程容易发生。综上，竹材和桑树枝是很具有资源化利用价值的，我们应当提倡多对竹材和桑树枝进行开发利用，将废弃的竹材、桑树枝收集起来用于热解或焚烧产热供能，以减少煤、石油等不可再生资源的消耗，降低氮氧化物、硫化物对环境的污染。
关键词：竹材，木材，桑树枝，热解特性
Abstract:With the development of science and technology, the rapid population increase, people's living standards and rising consumption level, the environment has become one of the themes in today's world, and how effective use of resources is the most important environmental issues.
The subject of this graduation project is for different types of biomass materials, the experimental study on pyrolysis characteristics. In the collection of information is presented based on bamboo, wood, mulberry branches pyrolysis experimental program and complete the pyrolysis characteristics of these materials, experimental research, analysis and collation of relevant thermal test data.
According to industry analysis comparing the results, bamboo, mulberry branches were 68.88% volatile matter and 67.48%, 14.25% fixed carbon, respectively, and 18.00%, these two indicators is higher than wood, bamboo and mulberry tree the other hand, the water Not high, at around 10%, pyrolysis heat absorbed from the outside is not much, so the bamboo used for high-temperature pyrolysis, the mulberry trees for the low temperature pyrolysis is a promising. According to the results of the analysis of calorific value compared to bamboo, and the heat value of mulberry trees were 16573.19kJ/kg and 17056kJ/kg, were higher than the heat value of wood, more than half the heat value of coal equivalent, so use them for burning Is an ideal heat through. We can see from the thermogravimetric pyrolysis of these two materials the temperature reaction process began about about 200℃, the relatively low exothermic prone. In summary, bamboo and mulberry tree is a resource of value, we should promote more of bamboo and the development and utilization of mulberry trees, the abandoned bamboo, mulberry tree branches collected pyrolysis or incineration for heat energy supply to Reduce coal, oil and other non-renewable resource consumption, reduce nitrogen oxides, sulfides on the environment.
Key words: bamboo, wood, mulberry tree, pyrolysis characteristics
