摘要：含油废水是一种常见的、能给人类社会带来较严重的环境污染，随着当前石油业的快速发展，含油废水的污染问题日益严峻，其中对环境的污染也日益严重。含油废水的来源很广，主要来源于石油工业中石油的加工、提炼、储存及运输；机械制造业加工过程中产生的轧钢水、冷却润滑液等乳化油废水；运输工业中洗车、铁路机务段的洗油罐等排放的含油废水；另外餐饮业、食品加工业、纺织业及其他制造业的废水中也含有大量的油。国内外非常关注对含油废水的处理。因此，含油废水处理技术成为了当前研究的热点。
气浮工艺利用高度分散的微气泡作为载体，粘附废水中的悬浮物，使其密度小于水而上浮到水面，以实现固液分离的过程。气浮工艺的除油效率高、处理速度快、运行安全可靠，是一种经济实用的除油技术，具有很好的应用前景。
本课题以气浮法处理含油废水为研究对象，调研、探讨了气浮除油系统的工艺和运行状况，首次系统分析了各种因素对除油效率的影响。该研究成果可以为气浮除油系统提供理论依据，为气浮除油系统的科学研究提供实验手段，旨在推动含油废水，特别是工业含油废水以及城市污水系统的处理，为保护水体环境，提高学术水平等方面均具有重要意义。
本论文通过合理实验，详细研究了聚硅铁（PSF）和粘土作为浮选剂处理含油废水的混凝净化效果，主要结论如下：
1、从水样中NH3-N、NO2--N、NO3--N三者含量的变化，我们可以发现在水样中投加了浮选剂后，有机氮转化为氨氮、氨氮接着转化为亚硝酸氮、随后亚硝酸氮又转化为硝酸氮，水样中氮元素循环畅通。
2、从溶液的电导率、浊度、pH、COD等值的对比实验可以得知，粘土作为浮选剂更加优于聚硅铁。
关键词：含油废水，气浮，浮选剂
Abstract：Oily waste water is a common, and It can bring to human society more serious environmental pollution.With the current rapid development of the oil industry, oily wastewater pollution becomes a very serious problem, including pollution of the environment are becoming increasingly serious. A wide source of oily waste water, mainly from the oil industry in the oil processing, refining, storage and transport; mechanical manufacturing process rolling produced water, cooling lubricants and other emulsified oil wastewater; transport industry, car washing, railway locomotive depot washing tanks and other oily wastewater discharge; other food and beverage industry, food processing, textile and other manufacturing waste water also contains a lot of oil. We are very concerned about the treatment of oily wastewater.Therefore, the oily waste water treatment technology has become the focus of current research.
Flotation process uses decentralized micro-bubbles as a carrier, the adhesion of suspended solids in waste water, making it less dense than water and float to the surface in order to achieve solid-liquid separation process. Flotation process degreasing efficiency, processing speed, safe and reliable operation, is an economical and practical oil removal technology, with good prospects. The topics to flotation treatment of oily wastewater as the research object, It degreasing systems research flotation process and operating conditions, the first systematic analysis of various factors on the oil removal efficiency. The flotation results can provide theoretical basis for oil removal system for the flotation oil removal system to provide the experimental means of scientific research, to promote wastewater. Especially in the industrial oily wastewater and urban sewage treatment system for the protection of water environment, improve the academic level and so on are of great significance.
Reasonable test of this thesis, a detailed study of poly ferrosilicon (PSF) and clay as a flotation agent in the coagulation treatment of oily waste water purification, the main conclusions are as follows:
1.Water samples from the NH3-N、NO2--N、NO3--N content of the three changes, we can find in water samples by adding a flotation agent, the organic nitrogen into ammonia nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and then into Nitrite nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and subsequently converted to nitrate nitrogen, nitrogen cycle in water flow.
2.From the solution conductivity, turbidity, pH, COD equivalent of the comparative experiments can see that as a flotation agent more than clay poly ferrosilicon.
Key words: wastewater, flotation, flotation agent
