摘 要：本文介绍了膜技术的发展现状、应用前景和炭膜的制备、应用、气体分离机理研究进展，并详细阐述了以热塑性酚醛树脂为原料，利用炭化法制备非对称气体分离炭膜，的过程以及机理模拟研究的基本方法，考察了制备条件对气体分离炭膜性能的影响。
论文中讨论了涂膜次数、涂膜时间、支撑体等影响条件对气体分离炭膜的制备及分离效果的影响，确定了最合适的制膜条件和工艺路线，并制得了具有一定分离能力的气体分离炭膜。实验结果表明：由于膜表面针眼或缺陷存在的影响，只有少部分制备的膜样品表现出了分子筛分机理，但只要进一步研究，改进制备方法，是能够制备出气体分离性能良好的气体分离炭膜的。论文还同时对影响气体分离因子的一些因素进行了讨论，并探讨了膜材料的炭化机理。
炭膜气体分离机理主要包括努森扩散、毛细冷凝、表面扩散、分子筛分四种方法，论文对H2、02、N2、C02五种气体在膜孔内的吸附和传递过程进行了分析，利用浸渍法涂膜，制备管状气体分离炭膜，考察了涂膜液次数、涂膜时间对炭膜气体透过性的影响。实验结果表明:随着涂膜液次数和涂膜时间的增加 N2、H2、O2、CO2、Ar的渗透速率下降 H2 /N2的分离系数明显增加。气体在分离炭膜内主要以分子筛分方式通过。结论：适宜的涂膜时间和次数可以提高气体分离炭膜的分离效果。
关键词： 炭膜 气体分离 炭化条件
Abstract:This article describes the development status of membrane technologies and the application prospect and the carbon membrane preparation, application of gas separation mechanism of progress, and elaborated on the process of thermoplastic phenolic resin as a raw material, the use of the carbonization Preparation of asymmetric gas separation carbon membrane, as well asthe basic mechanism simulation study investigated the influence of preparation conditions on gas separation carbon membrane performance.
Investigated the impact of the coating time, coating number of factors on the preparation of carbon membrane and gas separation, determine the appropriate membrane process route and conditions, and with some gas separation carbon membrane.The experimental results show that: exist due to the membrane surface defects or the eye of a needle, only part of the film samples showed the molecular sieving effect, to further improve the preparation method, can be prepared by the gas separation performance of carbon membranes for gas separation. The paper also a number of factors affect the gas separation factor is discussed, and explore the mechanism of carbonization of the membrane material.
Carbon membrane gas separation mechanism of Knudsen diffusion, capillary condensation, surface diffusion, molecular sieving four methods, papers H2, 02, N2, C02 five kinds of gas adsorption and transfer processes in the membrane pores was analyzed, the use of impregnatedprepared by the gas separation membrane of tubular carbon investigated the time of the coating liquid, coating the number of carbon membrane gas permeability and selectivity. The results show that: with the time of the coating liquid and coating the increase in the number of H2, N2, of CO2, O2 permeation rate of decline in H2 / N2 separation factor increases. Carbon membrane supported by the porous structure of the body and on the cover of dense separation layer, the gas mainly by molecular sieving carbon membrane. The results showed that: a suitable coating time and frequency can improve the gas separation carbon membrane separation.
Key Words：carbon membrane Gas Separation Carbonization conditions
