摘要：汽车日益普及，汽车技术的发展越来越多的体现在汽车电子领域,传统的汽车电子技术仅限于对汽车中某些机械零部件进行电子控制,控制较为简单,设备比较庞大,技术较为落后。如今利用计算机技术，网络通信技术和控制技术对汽车的各种性能进行优化控制。在汽车中增加电子设备的数目可以更好的控制传感器，从而增强汽车的舒适性和安全性。因此大部分的中等或高级汽车都已系统性的装备电动车窗系统。这些设备中的绝大多数是全自动的，这样的电动车窗设备潜藏着卡死、挤压损坏设备以及可能伤人的危险。所以必须持续监视电流的大小，避免不必要的损失。
随着单片机和模拟技术的不断发展，采用单片机控制来进行控制车窗的升降，成为如今的趋势，并且投入到现实的应用当中。基于电动车窗驱动系统的硬件设计方案，对车窗驱动系统的功能进行了需求分析，根据系统功能需求分析选择了相关的功能芯片，即控制芯片STC12C5A60S2和驱动功率芯片BTS7960B。STC12C5A60S2单片机对车窗电流大小的不停的检测，将其大小与车窗电机电流的特性进行比较，进而判断出车窗所处的运动状态，从而更精确的控制车窗的升降，使控制更加方便和安全。两片BTS7960B组成H桥驱动直流电机正反转，从而达到完成车窗升降的目的。本次设计完成了相关的硬件电路设计，包括电源电路、MCU电路、电机驱动电路、车窗到顶/底检测电路、A/D采样电路等。
结果表明,针对相应结构的车窗,该驱动系统具有较高的自适应性,并具备稳定性好、可行性高、成本低等特点。
关键词：电动车窗 单片机控制 驱动系统
ABSTRACT：The car is becoming more and more popular, the development of automotive technology more and more reflected in the field of automotive electronics, automotive electronics technology are traditionally limited to electronic control of some mechanical components in the vehicle, control is simple, the equipment is large, the technology is relatively backward. Now the use of computer technology, various performance of network communication technology and control technology of automobile optimized control. Control sensors increase in car number of electronic equipment can be better, so as to enhance the comfort and safety of vehicle. Therefore, moderate or advanced automotive parts have been systematic equipment electric window system. The vast majority of these devices are fully automatic, so the power window device hidden danger of death card, extrusion equipment damage and possible wounding. So we must constantly monitor the current size, avoid unnecessary losses.
With the development of computer and simulation technology, the lifting is controlled by MCU to control window, become the trend today, and put into real application. The hardware design scheme of electric window drive system based on windows, to drive the function of the system is analyzed, according to the system functional requirements analysis function chips were chosen, namely control chip STC12C5A60S2 and power driving chip BTS7960B. STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller on the window checks the current size of the non-stop detection, comparing the characteristics of its size and window motor current, and then judge the motion state of the window position, lift control window and thus more accurate, more convenient control and safety. Two BTS7960B make an H bridge to driver reversing DC motor, so as to achieve the purpose of completing the window lifter. This design completes the design of hardware circuit, including power circuit, MCU circuit, motor drive circuit, the window to the top or bottom detection circuit, A/D sampling circuit and so on.
Results show that, for the corresponding structure of the window, adaptive the drive system is higher, and it has good stability, high practicability, low cost and so on.
Keywords：Electric windows; MCU control; drive system
本课题要求完成电动车窗驱动系统的设计，电动车窗过载、到顶、到底检测，过载电流设定，一键升降窗等功能的设计。这种设计的电动车窗驱动系统将改善汽车车窗的操作性, 提高汽车车窗的安全性, 创造更加舒适的驾乘环境, 减轻驾驶员和乘客的劳动强度。在汽车未来的发展道路中, 该驱动系统有着更加广阔的发展和应用前景。
