摘要:根据调查了解，现在的马铃薯收获还没有完全的实现机械化、自动化的收获、输送和装箱。马铃薯收获可分为手工收获、半机械化收获和联合收获等等。特别是农村小规模种植的地区，用于机械化收获的面积非常小，繁重落后的体力劳动仍然是马铃薯收获的主要方式。在生产方式落后的同时生产力也非常低。大部分人工生产需要投入大量的人力资源；且受季节、天气等条件的制约，收获效率得不到很好的保障。这样就导致了大量劳动力的浪费，同时生产力的发展也受到了一定的阻碍，经济效率也不高。
针对以上情况，为了减少劳动力强度，就需要人们设计出与之相对应的专业机器来收获马铃薯。广泛的使用专业的机械，由机器来承担人们的劳动或者是人力所不能的、不便的工作，既能改进产品的生产质量，又能提高劳动生产率和改善劳动条件。同时能适应大、小批量生产，实现产品生产的高度机械化和自动化，从而促进我国国民经济的发展。
第一章首先介绍了本设计的选题的目的及意义，阐述了现在马铃薯的种植情况和马铃薯收获机的发展状况；第二章主要介绍了两种不同的方案，确定最终的设计方案以及机器的工作原理和主要的性能参数；第三章是本设计的主体部分，包括动力的选择、挖掘部件的设计、切图圆盘的设计、分离装置的设计、传动部分的设计、传动轴和轴承的设计、键的设计、阻拦杆茎的设计、集薯箱的设计及整机的装配。第四章简要说明本设计的不足和优点。
关键字：马铃薯；收获机；机械化；自动化；经济效率
Abstract:According to the investigation, the potato harvest complete mechanization and automation of harvest, transport and packing. The potato harvest can be divided into hand-harvest, semi-mechanized harvesting and combine harvester. Especially rural small-scale cultivation areas for mechanization of the harvest area is very small, backward heavy manual labor is still the main way of the potato harvest. Backward mode of production, productivity is very low. Most of the artificial production requires lots of manpower resources; and subject to the constraints of the season, weather conditions, harvest efficiency are not well protected. This led to a lot of waste of labor, development of productive forces have also been some obstacles, economic efficiency is not high.
For the above, in order to reduce labor intensity, you need people to design the corresponding professional machines to harvest potatoes. The extensive use of specialized machinery, machine to bear the people's labor, or human can not inconvenience the work, both to improve production quality, but also improve labor productivity and improve working conditions. While low-volume or high volume production, to achieve a high degree of mechanization and automation of production, thereby contributing to the development of national economy.
The first chapter introduces the purpose and significance of the topics in the design, described the development of the cultivation of potatoes and potato harvest machine; The second chapter introduces the two different programs to determine the final design and machineworking principle and the main performance parameters; the third chapter is the main part of the design, including the choice of power, mining the design of components, cut Figure disc design, the design of separation devices, the transmission part of the drive shaft and bearing designkey design, the blocking lever stem design, the design of the set of potato boxes and the whole assembly. Chapter a brief description of the shortcomings and advantages of this design.
Keywords：Potato；Harvester；Mechanization；Automation；Economic efficiency
