摘要:2009年7月初以来，力拓案件在各媒体高频率曝光，涉案的经济间谍6年来通过拉拢收买、刺探情报、各个击破、巧取豪夺，迫使中国钢企以近乎讹诈的进口铁矿石价格付出7000多亿元人民币的沉重代价，进而给中国钢铁产业利益和国家经济安全造成巨大损害的事实震惊海内外。“力拓间谍案”对我国铁矿石进口价格、国内钢铁产业利润，以及车企等下游产业的发展造成巨大的负面影响，引发了公众对铁矿石定价机制的普遍质疑，其对中澳两国关系的长期影响也不容小觑。“力拓间谍案”引发的恐慌甚至波及到全球资本市场。“力拓间谍案”从一个侧面反映了我国经济领域商业间谍的悄然潜伏，他们通过行贿受贿，内外勾结坐拥亿万家产，在出卖国家利益的同时大肆为自己的罪行狡辩，为我们敲响了经济安全的警钟。通过规范铁矿石进口秩序，严格对大型国企高层等相关人员的保密监管，构建完整高效的经济保密安全法规体系等措施，凝聚保障经济安全的国家意志和强制力量，就成为维护国家长治久安的必然选择。
关键词：力拓公司 铁矿石交易 行贿受贿 情报资料 经济安全
Abstract:Since July 2009, The case of Rio Tinto had discovered in all media with a high-frequency. Australia and our country had high concern about that., whether the case will be charged in which trial. Investigators recovered large number of intelligence data from computer in the Rio Tinto.The steel industry in china,economic security and the enormous damage obvious the fact that the economic espionages used many stratagem made the steel industry imported iron ore to pay more than 7000 billion in 6 years. “The case of Rio Tinto " caused many negative effect over the world, international relations and many areas of financial markets. More than that,there are big negative effect in China.Not only the capital, industrial raw materials but also industrial development had a heavy losses.And the relationship between China and Australia had a negative effect,too. The case of Rio Tinto reflect the problem is multifaceted, and we can observe clearly that the economic espionages lurked in the industry. By means of bribery, some people only have one hundred thousand U.S. dollars annual salary, but they have several villas. And they didn’t admit their crimes about selling out national interests. It make us understand the economic security is disadvantage in our country more clearly. And the alarm of economic security are sounded. Standardize the iron ore import order, strictly on the large state-owned enterprises and other related high-level supervisory staff confidentiality, integrity and efficient economic confidence building safety regulations and other measures to protect the economic security of the national and coercive power, it became necessary to maintain stability of the state choice.
KeyWords: Rio Tinto The deal of Iron ore Bribery Intelligence data Economic security
中国虽有《保密法》等多部法律，但并未建立商业机密保护的具体规则，在经贸活动中中国商业运作几乎濒临“无密可保”的境地，所以力拓等外资巨头才敢“浑水摸鱼”，在灰色地带习惯性腾挪牟利。力拓“间谍门”事件揭示了我国钢铁行业市场秩序的混乱和中国在经济安全方面的软肋，反映出保护国家秘密必须登高望远，从全球经济一体化的角度，重点保护涉及国家经济安全的国家秘密。在我国当前对国家保密法的酝酿修改中，必须意识到如若把国家秘密仍然仅仅定位于国防、外交、政治方面，而忽略对国家经济秘密保护的重要性的认识，那么保密立法难免不够周全。此外，如何动用国家机关力量保护国有企业的商业秘密，也应该成为立法机关优先考虑的重要问题。由于现代国际经济交往中经济间谍行为的巨大危害，美国于1996年就制定了“经济间谍法”，以避免商业间谍外泄美国企业机密，同时确保国家安全。目前，世界各国对打击商业间谍虽多持赞同立场，但像美国出台较为完整的专门法律予以规范的却并不多见。因此，对于日益开放的中国而言，如何在对外交往中更好地运用法律手段保护国家核心经济利益，用制度改革堵塞泄秘渠道，通过体制改革为行业带来公平，确保国家经济安全，已经是一个不得不立即提上议事日程的重要课题。
