摘要:生育权是公民的一项基本人权。社会的不断发展以及公民的维权意识增强，我国有关生育权的冲突不断增多，其主要是夫妻之间、死刑犯及其配偶之间以及独身女性等等不同民事主体之间的生育冲突。自《最高人民法院关于适用<中华人民共和国婚姻法>若干问题的解释（三）》颁布后，社会对生育权冲突的争议一直没有停歇。因此，在法律层面解决生育权冲突具有极强的现实意义，其不仅有利于维护婚姻家庭的稳定，更有利于保护妇女权益并实现男女平等，但是我国有关生育权的民事立法却相对滞后，其并不能有效地解决我国目前的生育权冲突，导致公民的生育权未能得到保障。本文将从不同的角度分析我国现阶段生育权的冲突，并对其提出相对应的解决途径。
关键词：生育权；生育权冲突；生育权平等；解决途径
Abstract:Procreation right,one of the citizen’s fundamental rights.With the development of society and the awareness to protect rights is strengthened,conflict of procreation right has increased in China.The conflicts are mainly happened in the couples,or the prisoner sentenced to death and their spouses,or single women,or other different civil subjucts.There is a long-running debate in the conflict of procreation right when interpretations of the Supreme People’s Court about Several Issues Concerning the Application of the Marriage Law of the People’s Republic of China (Ⅲ) to be published. Therefore,solve the problem of procreation right has realistic significance in legal aspect,it not only maintain the stabilization of marriage and family,but aslo protect the legitimate right of women and realize sexual equality.But the civil legislation lags behind with other country,it cannot solve the problem effectively,it cannot protcet the citizen’s procreation right.This paper will analyze the conflict of procreation right from different point of view and give solving methods.
Key words: procreation right;conflict of procreation right;equality procreation right;solutions
我国有关生育权的民事立法相对滞后，面对婚内女性与男性生育权的冲突、死刑犯及其配偶生育权的实现、独身女性生育权的保障等等问题，我国现阶段的法律对生育权冲突未能提供有效的解决途径。生儿育女、繁衍后代，历来为人们所重视，生育权与公民的生活有密切关系，此外，生育权的发展给人类社会的伦理和秩序带来了新的问题。因此，在解决生育权冲突的过程中，要注意结合当今社会的发展趋势，确保生育权的发展符合社会的要求；解决生育权冲突不仅是简单地实现公民生育权，而且还应该符合社会公序良俗的要求与法律的规定；解决生育权冲突应该在公民合法权益与社会伦理道德之间寻求一个平衡点，这才能维持社会的稳定。切实解决好生育权的冲突，有利于保障公民生育权的实现，维护社会和谐发展。
