摘要:在经济全球化和区域经济一体化深入发展的背景下,随着我国“走出去”战略的实施和成功加入世贸组织,企业实力不断增强且彼此间的竞争加剧,跨国并购已逐渐成为中国企业进入海外市场和开展国际化经营的重要战略方式。通过跨国并购,企业可以获取外国企业的先进技术、品牌及市场等资源,增强企业的国际竞争力。本文通过对我国企业跨国并购的历史和现状进行分析,通过案例来对跨国并购中遇到的问题进行了总结,并探讨了相关的解决措施,从而争取一个好的市场环境,使我国企业与外资企业实现互利共赢。
关键词:经济全球化; 市场经济; 跨国并购
Abstract :Economic globalization and regional economic integration in the context of further development, as China's "going out" strategy, implementation and success of accession to the WTO, enterprises increased their strength and competition between them, cross-border mergers and acquisitions has become China's enterprises to enter overseas markets and international operations of the important strategic way. Through cross-border mergers and acquisitions, companies can access the advanced technology of foreign companies, brands and marketing and other resources, enhance their international competitiveness. So, for cross-border mergers and acquisitions of companies have implemented, they derive what? What problems faced? How should the right of companies to solve these problems? This article on the history of corporate M & A and to analyze the situation, through the case to cross-border M & A problems are summarized and discussed measures to resolve related to gain a good market environment, so that enterprises and foreign investment in China enterprises to achieve win-win situation.
Key words:Economic globalization;Market economy;M & A
先进技术是企业保持旺盛生命力的灵丹妙药,因此每个企业对自身的技术诀窍都不会对外透露。而且技术的不对称性分布以及出口许可制度也使得我国企业很难获得国外的先进技术。因此,并购便成为了技术转移的技术手段。
除了获得先进技术之外,品牌也是我国企业跨国并购的另一个焦点。品牌是企业竞争力的核心要素之一,是企业的无形资产。在经济全球化和区域一体化的当代国际竞争中,品牌运营是中国企业走向世界市场的“金钥匙”。就我国而言,虽然有制造世界一流产品的能力,却疏于创造和经营自己的品牌。因此,如何在国外建立自己的品牌,是中国企业在海外持续发展的重要因素。一般来说,企业的国际品牌策略有三种方式:自建品牌、为国外公司贴牌生产和通过并购或获得东道国企业的品牌。我国企业目前多以贴牌生产为主,兼顾在东道国市场销售少量的自建的品牌产品来扩大影响。但是,随着我国企业实力的日益增强,许多企业开始意识到贴牌方式的缺点,取而代之的是并购国外的知名品牌。并购不仅可以在短期内让企业获得东道国品牌,而且在宣传并购事件本身也可以扩大公司影响。我国IT企业的排头兵“联想”,凭借着17.15亿美元的高价收购国际知名品牌IBM的PC业务后,大大地提升了公司的形象和品牌知名度,进一步推动了产品在国际市场上的销售。