摘要:“农超对接”模式 是指农户和商家签订意向性协议书，由农户向超市、菜市场和便利店直供农产品的新型流通方式。这种模式在发达国家已经有比较成熟的体系，如：以美国为代表的欧美模式，以日本为代表的东亚模式。在目前我国的农超对接模式中，具有代表性的模式有“农户—农业合作社—超市”模式；“合作农场—超市”模式；合作社—供销社—超市；“就近原则”模式；“零费用模式”等几种模式。这几种模式都有着各自的问题和缺陷，它们的问题可以主要归纳为一下几点：1.“农超对接”效率低，利润不高；2.“农超对接”两个终端的对接难度大；3.产品供需信息沟通不及时；4.“合作社”后期散伙现象较多。产生以上问题的原因主要来自于：我国基础条件不足；合作社品牌意识淡薄；政府扶持力度不够，供需信息发布平台的欠缺等原因。针对“农超对接”模式的问题以及产生的原因，可以从政府，超市，农业合作社三大主体提出解决问题的策略。
关键词：农超对接 政府引导 超市 农业合作社
ABSTRACT: "Agriculture super docking" model is that the farmers and merchants signed an agreement of intent book, new mode of circulation by farmers to the supermarket, food market and convenience stores direct supply of agricultural products. This pattern is a relatively mature system in developed countries, such as: to the United States as the representative of the pattern of Europe, East Asia mode represented by japan. At present our country agricultural super docking mode, representative of the mode of "household - Agricultural Cooperatives - supermarket" mode; "cooperative farm - supermarket" model of cooperation of supply and marketing cooperatives; - - "the nearest supermarket; principle" mode; "zero cost model" mode. These models all have their own problems and defects, the problem can be summarized as the following points: 1 "agriculture super docking" efficiency is low, the profit is not; 2 "agriculture super docking" two docking difficulty terminal; 3 product supply and demand information communication is not timely; more 4 "cooperatives" late goodbye phenomenon. Reasons for the above problems mainly come from: China's lack of the basic conditions; cooperative brand awareness; lack of government support, supply and demand information release platform for the lack of. According to the "agriculture super docking" model of the problem and the reasons, from the government, supermarkets, agricultural cooperatives in the three main proposed strategies to solve the problem.
Keywords：Agricultural super docking ；Equal dialogue ；supermarket ；farm cooperation
目前，我国“农超对接”模式已经初具雏形，但是由于我国市场经济改革较晚，经济发展水平不高，小农生产占绝大比例等情况，我国“农超对接”渠道模式不是很成熟。要想农超对接对接模式得到社会的普片认可，需要政府，超市，农业合作社三大主体的共同努力。政府应该充分发挥好引导作用；超市应有长远和全局的战略眼光，看到廉价的农产品给超市带来的隐形利润；农业合作社应提种植技术和农产品标准，统一产品规格，满足超市的需要。只有在各方的共同努力下，“农超对接”渠道模式才能真正在我国普片施行，也才能真正实现“农超对接”惠农惠民的初衷。
但是，由于我国目前具体国情的限制，“农超对接”模式的真正普及还需要一定的时间， 本文所分析的问题，以及提出的策略都是从比较宏观的角度提出的，“农超对接”的真正实现还需要渠道中的各个参与者不屑的努力，以及我国市场经济的进一步发展，人们的市场意识进一步的提高。
