摘要:在2011年5月，美国国债触顶，开创了14.29万亿美元的历史新高。面对这种情况，美国财长盖特纳忧心忡忡。他表示，由于采取了一些紧急措施以维持借债能力，美国政府支付开支最多能延迟到8月2日。到了8月2日，政府若不提高债务上限或削减开支，就会开始债务违约，无法偿还美国国债券本金和利息，这种情况可能让国际金融市场陷入混乱。并且在这个时候标普下调了美国主权债务的信用评级到AA+，展望为负面。而美国陷入债务危机后将对全球经济产生巨大的影响，可能会带领全球经济下滑并且对中国贸易市场产生巨大影响。而中国现如今的外汇储备主要是美元，如果美元进一步贬值，会使中国的财政蒙受很大的损失，而且美元贬值也就是人民币的升值，使得国内一些以出口为主了企业蒙受巨大的损失，甚至会使很多企业破产，从而会导致中国通货膨胀加剧，使得很多商品的物价持续上涨，从而影响到中国的市场经济与对外贸易。本文论述了美国主权债务危机的原因以及对我国对外贸易产生的影响，并提出对策建议。
关键词: 美债危机,中国对外贸易,影响，对策建议
Abstract:In 2011May, the United States Treasury peaked, created a $14.29record. Faced with this situation, the United States Secretary of the Treasury Geithner heavy-hearted. He said, because take some emergency measures to maintain the ability to borrow, the United States government to pay expenses up to delayed to August 2nd. By August 2nd, the government does not raise the debt ceiling or cut spending, will begin to repay the debt default, American debt principal and interest, this could make the international financial market turmoil. And in this time the S & P by the United States of America 's sovereign debt credit rating to AA +, a negative outlook. While the United States into the debt crisis will produce tremendous effect to global economy, may lead the global economic downturn and on China's trade market produces tremendous effect. While China is now the foreign exchange reserves in dollars, if a further devaluation of the dollar, will make Chinese fiscal suffer great loss, but also the depreciation of the dollar is the appreciation of the RMB, making some domestic export-oriented enterprises suffered huge losses, and even make a lot of enterprise bankruptcy, which will cause the Chinese inflation, makes a lot of commodity prices continued to rise, thereby affecting China 's market economy and foreign trade. This paper discusses the United States sovereign debt crisis and to our country foreign trade influence, and proposed countermeasures.
Key Words：The United States of America, debt crisis, credit rating, China foreign trade, countermeasures and suggestions
