摘要:热电厂是在发电的同时,还利用供热式机组为热用户供热的热电联产电厂,与纯凝气式发电厂相比,它具有热效率高、资源利用率高等优点。M企业是一个集冶炼、化工生产为一体的综合大型企业,对热量(蒸汽量)和电量的需求极大。企业自备热电厂的建设将有效保证其供热、供电的稳定性。
本次设计为M企业自备热电厂电气部分初步设计。首先遵循热电厂“以热定电”的原则确定机组容量和类型,然后进行电气主接线设计、短路电流的计算、主要电气设备选型、雷电过电压保护、主要设备及输电线路的保护设计等。本次设计是一次理论与实际相结合的初步过程,旨在巩固和完善对所学知识的理解和运用,树立工程设计观念,提高实际分析问题和解决问题的能力。
关键词: 自备热电厂;热电联产;以热定电;电气设计;保护
ABSTRACT:Thermal power plant is in power at the same time, also USES a heating unit heating for heat users of CHP plants production, compared with ChunNing gas type power, it has advantages of high thermal efficiency and high resource utilization. M enterprise is a collection smelting, chemical industry production is a body comprehensive large enterprise, to heat (steam) and electricity demand. Enterprise self-provided power plant construction will effectively ensure the stability of heating and power supply.
The design of M enterprise self-provided power plant electrical part of the preliminary design. First, follow the principle of "thermal power" a thermal power plant unit capacity and types, and then to the main electrical wiring design, short-circuit current calculation, the main electrical equipment selection, overvoltage protection and grounding design, main equipment and transmission line protection design and so on. This design is a preliminary process of integrating theory with practice, to strengthen and improve the understanding of knowledge and to use, sets up the engineering design concepts, improve the ability of actual problem analysis and problem solving.
Keywords: bring your own thermal power plants; cogeneration; in electricity; electrical design; heat protection
随着社会经济的发展,企业之间的竞争日渐激烈,能否占据有利的市场条件赢得生存和发展的契机,成了企业战略部署中的核心问题。M企业下设有钢铁厂、化肥厂、纺织厂等,是一个热量、电量需求较大的企业。以往都是通过自身的燃煤锅炉系统供热(将锅炉产生的高温高压蒸汽经降温降压供给用户,存在大量能量损失),这不仅投资大资源利用率低而且对环境污染极其严重,企业内部供电也时常受地区电网电力短缺和故障等的影响。为了降低生产成本提高热量、电量需求的稳定性,从企业长远发展考虑决定新建热电厂作为企业自备热、电来源。热电厂将与地区电网并网,企业用电高峰时可引进地区电网弥补供电短缺,用电剩余时可将多余电能回馈电网从而实现电能的综合利用。同时,热电厂采用“热电联产、以热定电”的运行方式(即:以供热为主供电为辅,以热负荷的性质来确定电厂机组的容量和类型)可以充分保障企业供热的稳定性。对企业热量、电量的稳定供应必将为企业的稳定生产和经营创造有利的前提条件。