摘要
系统无功分布的合理与否直接影响着电力系统的安全与稳定，并与经济效益直接挂钩。无功优化控制是保证电力系统安全、经济运行的一项有效手段，是降低网络有功网损，提高电压质量的重要措施。因此电力系统无功优化问题的研究既具有理论意义，又具有实际应用价值。
通过大量阅读各类文献后，了解到安装了配电网无功补偿装置以后，可以提供感性负载所消耗的无功功率，减少了电网电源向感性负荷提供线路输送的无功功率，减少了无功功率在电网中的流动。配电网无功优化可有效地降低线路输送无功功率所造成的电能损耗，提高系统的电压合格率，降低网络运行费用，提高供电质量。
本文主要研究了10kV 配电网无功补偿装置的合理配置。介绍了无功补偿的基本概念，补偿方式以及电压和补偿功率的关系，补偿的容量和位置的优化等。通过无功优化算法，在提高功率因数的前提下，可以比较简便的计算出在单电源配电网中最佳无功补偿容量。最后采用简单数据，对三种方法进行无功容量的实例计算，确定无功容量，分析其经济效益，并用条形图进行比较分析。
关键词：配电网，无功优化，无功补偿容量
Abstract
The reasonable or not in the distribution of reactive power systems is affect the security and stability of the power system directly, and linked to economic benefits directly .Reactive power optimization control is an effective means to ensure the power system security, and economic operation, an important measure to reduce the network of active power loss and improve voltage quality. The problem of reactive power optimization has both theoretical significance, but also has practical value.
By a lot of reading all kinds of literature, I learned that Distribution network is installed after the reactive power compensation device to provide inductive load reactive power consumption, reducing the grid to provide power to the inductive load reactive power transmission lines, reducing the reactive power flow in the grid. Optimization of Reactive Power transmission lines can effectively reduce the reactive power caused by the energy loss and improve the system voltage pass rate, reducing network operating costs, improve quality of power supply.
Introduces the basic concepts of reactive power compensation, compensation mode and the relationship between voltage and reactive compensate for the power, the capacity of the compensation and position optimization. Through the reactive power optimization algorithm, the premise of improving the power factor can be calculated relatively simple single-supply distribution network in the best reactive power compensation capacity.Finally, use a simple data, the reactive capacity of the calculation, the reactive capacity of the calculation, and three ways to determine the reactive capacity, to analyze the economic benefits, and a comparative analysis of a bar graph.
Key words: Multivariable system, Predictive control, Reactive compensation capacity
