摘 要:在海上油气资源的建设和开采过程中，海洋钻井平台电力供电系统是海洋油气开采作业系统的一个重要组成部分，为整个海上石油开采系统提供能源和动力，保证正常的海底石油开采、输送和平台上的日常运行所需；根据海洋钻井平台的特殊情况，平台电源全部采用自发电供电；并需要满足安全、可靠、优质、经济的电力供电系统。这就需要设计出合理的电力供电系统，满足钻井平台需要。本设计主要是对海洋钻井平台进行供配电设计，完成电能分配和运用。在供电设计中，既要照顾局部的当前的利益，又要能顾全大局，适应发展。
先对钻井平台负荷进行计算，确定平台总的负荷容量，进行无功功率补偿，以提高功率因数。根据补偿后的负荷容量，选择平台供配电所发电机和变压器的容量及台数，然后确定钻井平台采用的供电系统，选择合适的配电方案，画出供配电系统主接线图。
计算三相短路电流，以进行设备的校验。低压一次设备和电缆截面积选择时，都必须满足电路正常条件下和短路故障条件下工作的要求。
最后，进行继电保护和防雷接地，来提高系统的安全性和可靠性。
关键词：变配电所 电力负荷 钻井平台 短路电流 变压器
ABSTRACT:Offshore oil and gas resources in the construction and mining process, offshore drilling platforms electricity supply system is the offshore oil and gas exploration of the operating system is an important part for the entire offshore oil system provides energy and power, to ensure the normal offshore oil exploration, transportation and platforms required to run on the day; under the special circumstances of offshore drilling platform, the platform used in all power from the power supply; and the need to meet the safe, reliable, high-quality, economical electricity supply system. This requires design a reasonable power supply system to meet the needs of drilling platforms. This design mainly to offshore drilling platforms for distribution design, complete power distribution and utilization. In power supply design, it is necessary to take care of the interests of the local current, but also be able to the overall situation, adapt to the development.
First on the drilling platform load calculation to determine the total platform load capacity for reactive power compensation in order to improve the power factor. According compensated load capacity, select the platform for the distribution of the generator and the transformer capacity and number of units, and then determine the drilling platform uses the power supply system, select the appropriate distribution solutions, draw the supply and distribution system main wiring diagram.
Three-phase short-circuit current calculation, for equipment calibration. Low primary equipment and the cable cross-sectional area of choice, must meet under normal conditions and short circuit fault conditions job requirements.
Finally, the lightning protection and grounding, to improve system security and reliability.
Keywords: substation; load; drilling platform; short-circuit current; transformer
