摘 要:随着制造业的不断发展，多功能数控机床的使用量越来越多，市场对它的技术要求也就越来越高。在计算机上模拟真实机床的操作过程是模块化多功能台式数控机床的一个重要功能，在多功能数控机床越来越的运用于教学的今天，仿真功能的应用不仅能缓解某些高校教学过程机床数量少的问题，而且还能减少机床事故的发生，有效地保护了机床。还能提高教学效果。而仿真功能的实现则是依托于机床的上层软件，所以上层软件设计的好坏直接决定了仿真功能的优劣。
模块化多功能台式数控机床的软件部分可分为PC机上层控制系统和底层控制系统。 本次设计的主要内容是PC机控制系统上层软件设计，根据目前数控技术的发展情况并结合本次课题的要求，最终系统采用VC++6.0编写，实现了数控代码的仿真以及与下位机的交互功能，主要内容有指令的编辑、数控仿真、以及通讯。该控制系统可分为数控仿真与底层通讯两大模块：
仿真模块主要完成指令的仿真加工，即驱动仿真过程实施。通过 OpenGL动画处理后形成 NC 加工过程的仿真。在整个过程中首先要对数控代码进行预处理，及对其进行语法检查和指令编辑，将数控代码解析成仿真信息后，就可通过调用进行仿真演示。
通讯模块主要负责与底层控制器进行通讯，从而完成加工指令的发送和实际的加工信息的采集。在通讯过程中，系统首先将解析好的代码信息发送给底层控制器，再由底层控制器进行相应处理，并返回给系统实时的坐标值，这样就能实时观测到工件的加工状态。
关键词：数控仿真；OpenGL；下位机通讯
ABSTRACT:With the development of the manufacturing sector, the use of multi-function CNC machine tools, more and more of its technical requirements of the market is more and more high。On the computer simulate the real operation of the machine is a modular multi-functional desktop CNC machine tools is an important function of the multifunctional CNC machine tools increasingly used in teaching today, the simulation capabilities of applications not only can ease some of the teaching process machine a small number of issues, but also to reduce the occurrence of machine tools, the effective protection of the machine。But also improve the effectiveness of teaching。The simulation function implementation is relying on the upper machine software, so the upper software design quality directly determines the merits of the simulation function。
Modular CNC multifunctional desktop software part can be divided into the PC level control system and the underlying control systems. The design of the main contents of the top PC control system software design, based on current developments in digital technology combined with the requirements of this project, the final system written using VC + +6.0 achieve a numerical simulation code as well as with lower machine interactive features, the main contents of the editing commands, NC simulation, and communications. The control system can be divided into two major numerical simulation and the underlying communication modules:
Simulation module of the completion of the simulation processing instructions that drive the simulation process implementation. Animated via OpenGL formed after NC machining process simulation. Throughout the process must first be pretreated NC code, and its command syntax checking and editing of CNC code is parsed into simulation information, can be simulated by calling the demo.
Communication module is responsible for communication with the underlying controller, thus completing the processing of command and the actual processing of the transmission of information acquisition. In the communication process, the system will first resolve the underlying good code information is sent to the controller, and then dealt with accordingly by the underlying controller, and return to the system in real-time coordinates, so that we can live observations workpiece machining status.
Keywords: NC simulation; OpenGL; Underlying communication
