摘要：视频监控系统广泛应用于重要的公共场所，如火车站、广场、机场以及住宅小区等地方。传统的视频监控系统往往是基于模拟信号的实时显示，而无法对视频信号进行实时分析与处理，导致监控效率低下。因此开发新一代智能数字视频监控系统具有很强的现实意义。
本设计主要基于OpenCV平台设计了一个视频监控系统，实现视频的实时显示、保存以及运动目标检测等基本功能。在对图像的预处理中，我们采用了中值滤波来实现图像平滑处理，直方图均衡化来实现图像增强以及膨胀和腐蚀算法来实现图像形态学处理；同时我们主要采用平均图像法和滑动平均更新法实现视频帧的背景生成与更新；并利用背景差分方法实现了视频图像的运动目标检测。实验最终结果表明，该设计通过了多次改进和优化，大大提高了系统的稳定性，实时性也很强，达到了预期的效果。
关键词：目标检测 数学形态学 背景差分 视频图像
ABSTRACT：Video surveillance systems are widely used in important public areas, such as train stations, airports, squares, residential communities and so on. Traditional video surveillance systems are often based on the real-time display of analog signal, in which way real-time analysis and processing can not be done, causing low efficiency. So, it is an important part of the public security industry to develop a new generation of intelligent digital video surveillance systems. With the help of an open source computer vision library, this paper realizes the the real-time monitoring of video signal and moving object detection.
The design mainly based on the OpenCV platform designed a real-time video display and monitoring system to achieve save,moving target detection and other basic functions. In the image pre-processing,we use a median filter to achieve the image smoothing, histogram equalization to achieve image enhancement and dilation and erosion morphological image processing algorithm to achieve; and we mainly use the moving average method and the average image update method to achieve video frame background generation and updating; and using background subtraction method implements the video image of the moving target detection. Experimental final results show that the design and optimization greatly improved the stability of the system, real-time is also very strong, to achieve the desired effect.
Keywords: Video target detection；mathematical morphology；background Subtraction；video image
