摘要：身份证是我国满十八岁的成年人有效的识别身份的证件，上面记录了拥有者的基本身份信息以及唯一的身份证十八位编码。在目前大多数情况下，身份证录入都采用了人工方式，这种方式是很不方便的。但是，随着计算机处理技术的高速发展以及数字定位、识别算法的进一步成熟，从而使用计算进行身份证的自动快速识别已经成为了可能。身份证自动快速识别系统可以广泛应用于国内各个行业，还能节约大量的人力物力，具有广泛的应用前景。
本文通过对身份证的识别提出了详细的本系统的流程处理：图像灰度化、预处理、二值化、去噪、数字定位、模版匹配及识别。该流程处理的基本原理在于：先将身份证通过具有摄像功能的仪器扫描到计算机里，然后对需要处理的身份证照片进行图像数字化，对所取得的数字图像进行处理，从而定位并识别出我们所需要的身份证编号，进一步达到识别身份的目的。实验结果表明，采用该身份证自动快速识别系统可取得较好的效果。
关键词：身份证；图像处理；数字定位；数字识别
ABSTRACT：ID card of adults aged 18 and valid identity documents, the above records the owner's basic identity information and a unique identification eighteen coded. In most cases, the current, ID cards have adopted a manual input mode, which is very convenient. However, with the rapid development of computer processing technology and digital positioning, recognition algorithm to mature in order to use the automatic calculation for rapid identification card has become possible. Automatic identification system can be widely used to quickly identify all industries, but also save a lot of manpower and resources, has a broad application prospects.
Based on the identification card presented a detailed process flow of the system: gray image pre-processing, binarization, denoising, digital positioning, template matching and recognition. The basic principle is that workflow process: first identity through having an imaging function instrument scanned into the computer, then the need for photo ID card for image processing of digitized the acquired digital image processing to locate and identify our identification no need to further achieve the purpose of identity. The experimental results show that this identity automatic rapid identification system can achieve better results.
Keywords: ID; Image processing ; Digital positioning; Digital identification
