摘要： 嵌入式系统具有低成本、携带方便、功能强大、低功耗等优点，已被广泛应用于工业控制、消费类电子产品、通信系统、网络系统和无线系统等各类领域。嵌入式系统的硬件核心是嵌入式处理器，软件核心是嵌入式操作系统。嵌入式Linux具有良好的移植性，在各类嵌入式设备中得到了广泛的应用。
QT是在Linux平台上运行的多窗口的快速、稳定和轻量级的图形用户界面支持系统，其易用性好，资源消耗少，可以实现快速开发，因此用户可以使用它方便的地定制出自己的图形用户界面，完成各种应用程序的开发。
本文设计了一个基于嵌入式ARM-Linux平台的图形用户界面，主要实现对前端采集到的数据进行波形的显示，以及对波形的相关控制和分析。本文对支持图形界面运行的硬件平台和软件平台做了简要的说明，研究了嵌入式ARM-Linux开发系统的构建过程，包括交叉编译环境的建立、U-Boot的移植、嵌入式Linux内核的编译等内容。通过分析Linux平台下的常见GUI系统以及各个系统的优缺点以后,本系统中图形界面开发采用QT作为开发平台。
通过搭建软硬件平台,进而研究QT开发环境的构建，主要包括Linux开发环境和QT交叉编译环境的搭建。说明了本系统程序开发的基本流程和相关概念，详述了本系统应用程序的基本结构，并且对程序的编译和运行作了简要的分析。
最后详细研究了基于QT的图形界面开发过程。实现了界面主窗口的创建、界面背景显示、数据的波形再现、相关控件显示，给出了程序代码，并且对波形进行了相关控制、分析和处理。
关键词：嵌入式操作系统；QT； 图形用户界面；嵌入式处理器
Abstract: Embedded systems have the advantages which include low-cost, portable. powerful and low-power, they have been widely used in the field such as industrial control. Consumer electronics, communications systems, network system sand wireless system. The hardware core of Embedded systems is embedded processor, the software core is embedded operating system. Embedded Linux has good portability, and also has been widely used in all types of embedded devices.
QT is the support system which has graphical user interface, it is running on Linux platform, its advantages include multi-window, fast, stable and lightweight. So users can easily use it to customize their own graphical user interface to complete the development of various applications.
This article has designed one platform of graphical user interface which based on embedded ARM-Linux system, mainly realizes waveform display of the data which gathers from the front end, as well as the relevant control and waveform analysis. This article has given a brief description of the hardware platform and the software platform, and then research the building process of embedded ARM-Linux System, including the establishment of cross-compiler environment, transplant of U-BOOT, kernel compiled of Linux and so on. By analyzing the common GUI system on Linux platform, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each system, the graphical interface of the system uses QT as a development platform.
Through building software and hardware platform, then research the construction of development environment, mainly includes Linux development environment and the QT cross compiling environment, this article describes the development of the system’s basic processes and related concepts, detailed application of the system’s basic structure, and has a brief analysis about the compiling and running of procedures.
Finally, this article has researched the developed process which based on QT graphical interface, and realized the creation of the main window of interface, the background shows of the interface, reproduction of the waveform data, the relevant controls, and given the program code, then carry out the relevant control, as well as the analysis and processing of waveform.
Keyword: Embedded operating system；QT；Graphics User Interface；Embedded processor
