摘要：改革开放后，随着我国经济快速增长，中国在世界中的地位相应提升，中国贸易顺差明显增加。自2005年以来的人民币汇改制度使得我国汇率形成机制更加弹性化，在规模日益增大的外汇储备及贸易顺差情况下，我国面临巨大的人民币升值压力。
本文通过首先对国内外各个研究者及学者的文献综述，探讨了一国利率与对外贸易之间的相互关系，在此基础上回顾并研究人民币汇率改革制度及近年人民币升值历程，分析了人民币汇率变动，特别是人民币升值，对我国对外贸易的有利及不利影响，并对在人民币持续稳步升值情况下我国外贸政策该如何调整，进行了从宏观政府层面：完善外汇管理体制、外汇储备合理运用、扩大内需，构建长效机制及微观外贸企业层面：优化出口产品结构，提高产品竞争力、实施保值方案，规避外汇风险、加强外贸方式创新，降低国别国家依赖的应对调整建议。
作为一个综合复杂的体系，我国外贸发展应着眼于切实管理人民币水平，为了向更健康稳定的方向发展，我国外贸进口企业要更加强化培养外汇操作能力，积极开展进口；而政府对外贸出口企业应加大鼓励资助力度，全方位缓解我国外贸受人民币汇率变动的影响。
关键词：人民币升值；对外贸易；外贸规模结构；经济增长；汇率改革政策措施
Abstract：After the Reform and Opening-up, the economic is in rapid growth in our country, China has been ranked high in the world stage, and also trade surplus is obviously growing. Exchange rate, especially the real exchange rate, is the relative price of products from two different countries. Real exchange rate is the most essential factor in impacting the foreign trade of one country. Since 2005, our country adopted the peg exchange rate system, which made the exchange rate system of us more elastic and exchange rate is more complicated and unstable than ever. Our country is now facing great pressure in appreciation of RMB thanks to the growing volume of our foreign exchange reserves and surplus.
The article recalled and researched the history of exchange rate system reform and the RMB appreciation path, reveal the positive and negative influence to our country. Then come out the advice for solving the problem of how to undo these impact from the appreciation of RMB via both macroeconomic and microeconomic aspects.
As to be a combined and complicated system, foreign trade system is focusing on managing the RMB exchange rate level and aiming to grow in a healthier and more stable way. The local import business chain need to cultivate their foreign currency arbitrage skills and positively import by themselves; and also the local government can provide more financial aid to our export business chain, aiming to release the pressure of these companies gain from RMB exchange rate volatility.
Key words: appreciation of RMB；foreign trade；scale and structure of foreign trade；economic growth；reform and policies of exchange rate system
