摘要：随着经济的发展，被称为“第三利润源”的物流活动在我国飞速发展，在生活中变得越来越重要。运输配送是直接面对客户的物流服务手段，是现代物流最重要的活动之一。随着客户消费需求的多样化发展，客户对于配送的效率和质量等诸多方面的要求越来越多，配送所产生的成本在物流总成本中占了较高的比例，配送活动中运输路线是否安排的合理，严重影响着配送的速度与成本。因此，优化车辆运输路径，对于降低物流成本，提高企业的竞争力和服务质量具有重要意义。
本文首先对车辆运输路线优化有关的基本概念进行了阐述，其次探讨了车辆路径优化问题的国内外研究和发展现状。然后以芳洪食品经营店为例，对芳洪食品经营店的运输现状进行了分析，运用节约里程法对芳洪食品经营店的运输路径进行优化，证明了节约里程法能较好进行运输路径优化，为企业缩短了运输里程，节约了运输成本，提高了物流效率，从而提高了企业的整体竞争力。
关键字：物流 配送 运输路径优化 节约里程法
ABSTRACT:With the development of the economy，as ‘The third profit source’, Logistics becomes more and more important in people’s life. As the direct mean for customer service, no doubt the distribution of transport is one of the important links in the management of Logistics. Under the development of the various consumer demands, customers have more and more requirements on the quality and delivery time of distribution, what’s more, the cost of distribution speaks highly in the total cost, however, whether the transport route is reasonable or not seriously affects the speed and cost of distribution. So, reduce the cost of distribution, improve the quality of service and optimize the transport route become the research emphasis.
This article firstly makes brief explain of the basic concept of optimizing the transport route, and then analyze the research and development of optimizing transport route throughout the world. At last, take the transport of ‘Fang Hong Food stores’ as a case, to make a analysis of the condition of the transport of ‘Fang’, meanwhile apply saving algorithm to optimize the transport route of ‘Fang’. It proves that the saving algorithm can play a better role in the transportation path optimization problem, for enterprises to shorten the transport distance, saved transport costs, improved logistics efficiency, and enhanced the overall competitiveness of enterprises.
Key words: Logistics; Distribution; Transportation Route Optimization; Economize Algorithms
