摘要:自改革开放以来，我国吸收和利用外商直接投资使经济实现前所未有的快速增长。近年来，外商在华直接投资的一个显著的变化就是跨国公司在华直接投资的力度明显加强。我国强大的市场潜力为跨国公司对华直接投资提供了良好的市场环境，跨国公司对华直接投资不断加大，中国利用外商直接投资的重心也由吸引外商小规模投资变成吸引跨国公司的投资。跨国公司的直接投资不仅为我国企业的发展带来了资金，同时还有先进技术、组织、管理体制和其他无形的资产，加快了我国的国际化进程。而跨国公司在华直接投资的策略和形式的不断变化，对于我国国内企业的发展又是存在的必然挑战。
在此背景下，本文将以纺织业为例来分析跨国公司在华直接投资的相关问题。本文将在跨国公司对外直接投资理论研究的基础上，分析跨国公司在华直接投资的现状以及近年来跨国公司对华直接投资的策略调整，进而深入探讨跨国公司在华直接投资对我国企业发展，尤其是对纺织企业发展造成的风险。同时根据相关数据及案例进行分析，得出结论和相关政策建议，以便减少跨国公司对我国纺织行业直接投资所造成的负面影响，增强中国企业抵御风险的能力，提高中国企业的国际竞争力。
关键词：跨国公司；FDI ；纺织行业；风险；对策
ABSTRACT:Since the Reform and Opening-up, China's absorption and utilization of foreign direct investment to achieve an unprecedented rapid growth of the economy. In recent years, a significant change in foreign direct investment in China is multinational direct investment in China's efforts to strengthen significantly. The strong potential market in China for the Multi-National Corporation's direct investment provides a good market environment, Multi-National Corporation's direct investment in China continues to increase, the focus of China's utilization of foreign direct investment by attracting foreign investment in small-scale becomes attract multinational investment. The focus on China's utilization of foreign direct investment also from attracting small foreign investment to Multi-National Corporation investment. Multi-National Corporation's direct investment has not only brought the funds for the development of enterprises of our country, but advanced technology, organization, management system and other intangible assets, accelerated the process of internationalization in China. The strategies and forms of Multi-National Corporation's direct investment in China, for the development of our domestic enterprises is the inevitable challenges.
In this context, this paper will take the textile industry as an example to analyze the problem of Multi-National Corporation's direct investment in China. On the basis of theoretical research about Multi-National Corporation's direct investment, the paper will analyze the present situation of Multi-National Corporation's direct investment in China as well as the analysis of strategy adjustment of Multi-National Corporation's direct investment in China in recent year, and discuss deeply about the Multi-National Corporation's direct investment in China on China's enterprise development, especially the analysis of the risks about textile enterprise. At the same time, according to the analysis on the relevant data and cases, and draw conclusions and policy recommendations, in order to reduce the Multi-National Corporation's direct investment on China's textile industry caused by the negative effects, and enhance the ability of Chinese enterprises to resist risks, improve the international competitiveness of Chinese enterprises.
Keywords: Multi-National Corporation; FDI; The textile industry; Risk; Countermeasures
近年来，我国的市场机制逐渐完善，并大量引进外资，促进我国经济的持续增长。其中跨国公司对华的直接投资不可忽视。跨国公司对华投资不断增加，其重要意义不仅体现在由于资本的引入促进我国经济增长，而且对提升我国产业结构，企业管理机制的完善，推进技术进步都产生积极的影响。毫无疑问，跨国公司在华直接投资弥补了我国建设资金的不足，为我国经济的腾飞注入了新的活力。跨国公司的这些贡献，正是我国吸收和利用外商直接投资的初衷。然而，另一方面，跨国公司利用资金对我国经济方方面面的不断渗透，也产生了很多的负面影响。
跨国公司在华投资方式由合作经营，合资经营为主转移到以控股乃至独资为主，并继续呈现新的趋势和特点。我国企业对外资的依赖一定程度上脱离了既定的轨道，这需要迫切关注并寻找解决的途径。通过研究跨国公司在华直接投资方式的演变，并以纺织行业为例，寻找我国企业在跨国公司直接投资环境下存在的风险，并抓住机遇，为寻求新的发展提出一些有效的建议。
