摘 要:俄罗斯于2012年8月正式加入世界贸易组织，结束了长达18年的入世谈判。入世后的俄罗斯将在市场准入、关税、知识产权等方面依照入世承诺进行改革。随着中俄两国经济的不断发展，中俄经贸进入了新的历史发展阶段。双边货物贸易规模增大，互补性增强。在服务领域的投资合作也保持良好的发展态势。俄罗斯加入世贸组织为扩大中国对俄的出口、投资及劳务输出提供了新的契机。与此同时，俄入世会吸引欧美发达国家的目光，他们将对中国产品及投资形成强烈的竞争压力。应对这种状况，中俄两国要想保持友好的战略合作伙伴关系就要求两国政府认清形势，制定合理的应对措施，克服双边贸易中存在的问题，使两国经贸关系协调发展。
本文在国内外研究学者的研究基础上，通过对近年来中俄两国贸易数据的分析，总结了中俄贸易发展的现状、特点及存在的问题。根据俄罗斯入世的承诺及世贸组织的有关规定剖析了俄入世对中俄贸易的正反两方面影响，并提出应对政策。
关键词：俄罗斯；世贸组织；中俄贸易；影响
ABSTRACT:Russia joined the world trade organization (WTO) formally in August 2012, over 18 years of negotiations. After entering the WTO, Russia followed its commitments and carried out reforms in market access, customs, intellectual property and other aspects. With the continuous development of Sino-Russian economic, the Sino-Russian economic and trade entered a new historical stage of development. In terms of bilateral trade in goods, China and Russia have a high-speed growth in scale, and they see the complementary enhanced. Investment cooperation in the field of services also maintains a good momentum of development. Russia's accession to the WTO provides a new opportunity to expand China's exports to Russia, investment and labor output. At the same time, Russia's accession to the WTO will attract the attention of developed countries in Europe and America. They will form strong competition pressure to Chinese products and investment. To deal with this situation, China and Russia want to maintain a strategic partnership of good requires governments to recognize the situation and formulate reasonable measures to overcome the existing bilateral trade issues. They should ensure the bilateral economic and trade relations have a coordinated development.
This paper was based on the domestic and foreign research scholar, and summarized the status, characteristics and problems of the development of Sino-Russian trade through the analysis of bilateral trade data in recent years. According to the Russia's accession to WTO commitments and the relevant provisions of the WTO, this paper analyzed both positive and negative impacts that Russia’s WTO accession will exert on the trade, and put forward the policy response.
Keywords: Russia; world trade organization (WTO); Sino-Russian trade; influence
