摘 要:我国曾是世界上最大的大豆生产国和出口国。可是现在，我国成为世界上第四位大豆生产国，前三位则分别为美国、巴西和阿根廷。我国的大豆产量已经不能满足人们日益增长的需求，需要从国外进口来弥补大豆缺口。我国大豆加工业80%以上被跨国公司所控制，大豆种植面积在大幅度减少，进口大豆在成倍增长。黑龙江作为我国的大豆主产区，大豆种植面积最大、总产最多，其发展状况对全国大豆产业的发展有着重要影响。因此研究黑龙江大豆产业具有重要意义。
本文通过对历年数据的收集整理，计算黑龙江大豆的国际市场占有率、贸易竞争指数和显性比较优势指数，分析并总结了黑龙江大豆对外贸易中存在的问题以及影响黑龙江大豆对外贸易的主要因素。在以上研究的基础上，结合黑龙江大豆产业的实际现状，提出黑龙江大豆产业发展的基本思路与对策建议。
关键词：黑龙江；大豆；贸易竞争力
ABSTRACT:China used to be the largest soybean producer and exporter in the world. But now, our country becomes the world's fourth soybean producer after the United States, Brazil and Argentina. We need to import a large number of soybean overseas to compensate for the gap,because the soybean production in our country can't satisfy people's growing demand now.More than 80% of china's soybean processing industry are controlled by multinational corporations. The cultivated area of soybean is reduced sharply. In contrast,the imports of soybean increase rapidly. As the major soybean producing areas of China, heilongjiang province has the largest soybean planting area and output, and its developing situation has an important influence on the development of national soybean industry. Hence,it has great significance of the study of Heilongjiang soybean industry.
By collecting the annual data,working out the MC、RCA index and TC index of heilongjiang soybean industry, I analyzed the existing problems of soybean foreign trade in Heilongjiang and also summarized the main factors impacted on soybean foreign trade in Heilongjiang.In the above study,combined with soybean industry status in Heilongjiang,it put forward the countermeasures and suggestions of soybean industry development in Heilongjiang.
Keywords: Heilongjiang; Soybean; Trade competitiveness
