摘要：目前，人们采摘花椒基本上是靠手工采摘，花椒树上的刺划伤手臂必不可免，椒农大都用手指甲掐摘，劳动时间稍长，指甲缝在花椒的刺激下常常又痛又麻，加上花椒树全身长满刺影响作业，使采摘花椒的劳动非常辛苦，不但劳动效率低下，而且对椒农的身体健康有一定的危害。使用一些简单的摘花椒机，即类似加长剪刀一样的工具来采摘高处不易够及的花椒，该种机械虽然在一定程度上能保护手臂不被划伤，但其效率比手工采摘还低。人手工采摘花椒每人每天的采摘量也就50~60斤，工作效率低下，而且这种琐碎而又繁重的重复性体力劳动，一直束缚着人们的手脚，制约着这一行业的发展。尤其在现代化建设的今天，时间和效率就是生命。本文设计并制作出一种手动摘花椒机，摘花椒机的刀头采用梳齿和刀壳啮合的方式来剪断花椒果柄，在采集花椒时可以有效减少对花椒树的伤害，而且提高了花椒的采摘效率。撑杆采用中空玻璃钢管设计，质轻而且强度高，便于携带。花椒机刀头的整体运动采用无线控制，使线路简洁，刀头可根据树的高低来自由调节高度，活动自如。同时本设计采用自带果兜设计，可以提高花椒采摘效率，
本设计不仅能减轻人们的劳动强度，节约宝贵的时间，使生产力大大解放，而且解决了工作环境差，工作劳动重复强度大，生产率低等一系列问题。
关键字：摘花椒机；刀具；支撑杆；无线控制
Abstract：At present, the way of picking pepper is basically by hand, Chinese prickly ash tree thorns scratch arm is inevitable, pepper farmers mostly use fingernail pinch off, work for a long time, the nails feel painful and coarse in the stimulation, and pepper tree body covered with spines, it makes picking pepper work very hard. So the labor efficiency is low, and it will cause health hazards for famers. Using some simple picking pepper machine, which is similar to lengthen a scissor-like tool for picking up higher pepper, in some extent, the machinery can protect the arm from being scratched, but its efficiency is lower than the manual picking. Hand picking pepper per day picking quantity is50~60 kg, work efficiency is low, and the trivial and the heavy repetitive manual labor, have restricted the development of the industry. Especially in modernization today, time and efficiency is life. In this paper, a new picking prickly ash machine was designed and produced. The cutter head used the engagement of comb teeth and knife shell to cut the prickly ash, it would reduce the harmful degree for trees and increase the picking efficiency. The supporting rob used midheaven glass steel tupe, which had the advantage of light weight, high strength and portable. The motion of the cutter used wireless control, which made the circuit compacted and the cutter could adjust the height according to the situation. At the same time, this design had its own collecting box, which would increase the picking efficiency greatly.
Key words: Picking prickly ash machine; Knife; Supporting rod; Wireless control
