摘 要:自改革开放以来，经济飞速发展，人民生活水平得到普遍提高，在经济发展过程中，中小企业一直是推动我国经济发展的重要力量,是国民经济的重要组成部分。作为我国经济增长的重要动力之一，要想使中小企业持续发展,就需要资金方面强有力的支持。受我国企业自身及政治体制、经济环境等多方面的影响，我国中小企业普遍存在融资方面的问题，主要表现为企业融资渠道狭窄，资金结构存在诸多缺陷。加之目前的全球经济危机对我国经济的影响，众多中小企业因资金缺乏，面临着即将倒闭的困境，从更长远的角度来看，“融资难，成本高，资金短缺”作为关键问题，在一定程度上制约着中小企业的成长，严重阻碍了我国中小企业的发展速度。只有缓解中小企业融资难的问题，扩大融资渠道，创造良好的融资环境，才能保证中小企业的良性发展，为我国国民经济的持续健康发展提供保障。
本文选取我国中小企业作为主要研究对象，分析中小型融资难问题的必要性，研究影响和制约中小型企业融资的种种内外源因素，包括企业自身导致的融资难问题，金融机构体制不完善及银行国家政策导致的融资难，通过对我国目前中小企业融资状况，融资渠道进行分析，为解决企业融资问题提出可行性建议和理论指导。
关键词：中小企业；融资；困境；金融机构；对策
ABSTRACT:Since the reform and opening up, the economy has been growing rapidly and people's living standards have improved accordingly.During this process, small and medium enterprises(SEMs),which are important engines that drive national economy,badly need funding to keep sustainable growth. The prevailing problem is mainly due to Chinese corporate and political systems and economic climate,mainfesting itself in the few financing channels and loopholes in the capital composition.Many SEMs were put to the verge of bankruptcy when the economic crisis hit China.In the long run,financing problems,high costs and a shortage of funds will continue to be a serious impediment to the development of SMEs.Only by solving financing problems such as opening up more channels can we create a favorable enviroment for SMEs,which in turn will benefit the national economy.
This paper chose Chinese SME’s financing problems as the subject of this paper and analyze them from the aspects of the importance of this study, the internal as well as external factors including incomplete financial institutions,banking systems and national policies that have impact on or restrain SMEs’ development.By analyzing the current problems,the writer hopes to be helpful in providing theoretical ruide as well as feasible suggestions to tackle the financing problems.
Keywords: SME; financing; plight; financial institutions; countermeasures
