摘要:“丘北辣椒”的种植历史久远，始种于明朝末年，经过长期传统的栽培方式和自然选择，“丘北辣椒”具有维生素含量高，油脂丰富，辣香籽多的特点，是食用的上品。十九世纪五十年代末，“丘北辣椒”开始远销至四川、湖南、山东等地。二十世纪八十年代以后，“丘北辣椒”的种植规模逐年扩大，产量急剧增长，相应的“丘北辣椒”加工企业也发展起来。“丘北辣椒”产业逐步成为拉动文山州地区经济、提高农民收入的有效途径之一。然而，“丘北辣椒”在种植、加工、销售等方面仍然存在许多问题，如种植基础设施落后，品种退化及种植标准化普及程度低；科技方面投入力度有限，产品以初级产品为主，附加值低；加工企业的营销渠道狭窄，市场开拓能力弱；产业化水平不高，龙头企业带动力不足。“丘北辣椒”产业要持续、健康、快速的发展，这些问题必须要解决。本文在对“丘北辣椒”产业发展问题进行分析的基础上，提出一些促进“丘北辣椒”产业发展的建议：在种植方面，加大对农业基础设施的投入，打牢“丘北辣椒”产业发展的基础，培育优良的种子及推广标准化种植；在加工方面，建立多元化投入机制，走深加工路线，增加产品附加值；市场营销方面，鼓励企业开拓市场，扩展营销渠道，提高“丘北辣椒”产业化水平并加大对龙头企业的培育。
关键词：丘北辣椒；存在问题；对策措施
Abstract:“Qiubei hot pepper” cultivation has a long history, and has been planted before the late Ming dynasty. After a long traditional cultivation mode and natural selection, “Qiubei hot pepper” has high vitamin content, oil rich, spicy seeds, and is the consumption of varying. At the end of the 1850 s, “Qiubei hot pepper” start exported to Sichuan、Guizhou、Hunan、Shandong and other places. After the 1980s, the scale of “Qiubei hot pepper” cultivation has expanded each year, the output increase sharply, “Qiubei hot pepper” processing enterprises have also developed. “Qiubei hot pepper” industry become a driving force in Wenshan Prefecture economy, and one of the effective ways to improve farmers' income. However, “Qiubei hot pepper” still exist many problems in cultivation, processing, marketing and other areas. For example, planting infrastructure backwardness, variety degeneration and planting standardization popularizes degree low; limited input of technology, and products are primary products with low value-added; processing enterprise in the marketing channel is narrow, the market development ability weak; Industrialization level is not high, leading company lack driving force. “Qiubei hot pepper” industry to the continuous, healthy and rapid development, these problems must be address. we need to make the corresponding countermeasure. This paper base on the analysis of “Qiubei hot pepper” industry development problem, put forward to promote the “Qiubei hot pepper” industry development proposal: On the cultivation side, increasing investment to planting infrastructure, laying solid foundation for the development of “Qiubei hot pepper” industry, cultivate the good seeds and promote the standardization of plant; On the processing side, establish a diversified investment mechanism, to go deep processing route to increase the added value of the products; On the market side, encourage company to open up the market, expand marketing channels, improve “Qiubei hot pepper” industrialization level and increase cultivate leading company.
Key words: Qiubei hot pepper; existence questions; countermeasures and measures
