Abstract：William Faulkner is one of the most famous American modern writers. As the representative of the writers during the Southern Renaissance, Faulkner had a deep impact in the history of American literature. Of his works, 15 novels and some of his short stories are set in a place which he called Yoknapatawpha.
"A Rose for Emily" was published in 1930, constituting one small part of the Yoknapatawpha fiction. In this short novel, Faulkner created Emily, who stands for the fallen southern society. It is a sad story about the southern aristocrat lady Emily, who lived under the pressure of southern traditions, and was finally made mentally insane. The story revealed the fall of the American southern society after the Civil War. The plantation economy, together with the slavery, caused the old traditions and civilizations of the American South. After the Civil War, people who live in the south began to feel frustrated and sad, and were indulged in the holy of the past. They stood still on the way of industrial development, and had a hatred for the northern industrial development.
This paper focuses on the analysis of "a Rose for Emily", as well as the writing style of Faulkner, the stream of consciousness techniques, and the meaning the figures represented in this novel. Then Faulkner's complex for the American South will be researched, and we would have a general idea of Faulkner's special psychological world, including his attitude toward life, and the real world.
Keywords: Faulkner, Emily, Stream of Consciousness, American South
中文摘要：威廉·福克纳是美国现代著名作家，作为南方文艺复兴作家中的代表人物，他对于美国文学史的影响非常深远。他有15部长篇小说和一部分短篇小说都是发生在一个他所虚构的名为约克纳帕塔法县的地方，形成了一套特点鲜明的“约克纳帕塔法世系”。
《献给艾米莉的玫瑰花》发表于1930 年,是福克纳最成功的代表作之一，也是这套“世系”中的一小部分。这篇小说一经发表,就在评论界引起了轰动。在这部作品中,福克纳塑造了艾米莉的形象，一个代表南方旧社会倒下去的“纪念碑”。它讲述了一位南方贵族小姐艾米丽，在南方旧传统的压力下，导致心理变态的悲剧故事,揭示了内战以后美国南方社会的败落。种植园经济同奴隶制度一起，滋生了南方社会的守旧文化和野蛮文明。内战后,挫败感和悲剧感在南方蔓延,南方人沉湎逝去的光荣,固步自封,仇视北方工业文明。
本文通过分析《献给艾米丽的玫瑰》，对福克纳的创作风格，以及该作品中包含的意识流，视角的转换，以及主角的代表意义进行探讨。并且通过分析小说中深刻的主题，哥特式的叙事风格，以及其中蕴含的福克纳的南方情结，对福克纳独特的精神世界进行探索，进一步折射出福克纳对人生的态度和看法。
关键词：福克纳；艾米丽；意识流；美国南方
