Abstract:In the late 17th century, “China fever” emerged in Western Europe. The Orphan of Zhao written by Ji Junxiang, a playwright of Yuan Dynasty, was translated into French by Ma Yuese, a missionary from the societies of Jesus. When first published, it received warm recognition at once. Since then, this Chinese drama had been repeatedly translated, reviewed and adapted by different writers, creating the “craze for The Orphan of Zhao” across Europe in the mid-18th century. Among all those versions, Voltaire’s The Orphan of China was the most prominent one.
As the first Yuan Drama which was introduced to the western world, The Orphan of Zhao has been paid great attention by many scholars from both home and abroad. There are many works and researches concentrating on The Orphan of Zhao, however, few use comparative analysis to explore contradiction and combination of cultural transmission in The Orphan of Zhao and its adaptation version The Orphan of China, which provides vast research space for this study.
This thesis tries to discuss the similarities and differences between The Orphan of Zhao and The Orphan of China from various aspects. The main part of this thesis analyzes contradiction and combination of cultural transmission from aspects of tragedy culture, humane culture and religion. Besides, the thesis also seeks for the reasons for such “combination” and “contradiction”, so as to find out the most acceptable part in Chinese culture, promoting “combination” as well as resolve “contradiction”, thus leading Chinese culture to the world.
Key words: Ji Junxiang，The Orphan of Zhao, Voltaire，The Orphan of China, culture, combination ,contradiction
摘要:17世纪末，西欧曾兴起了一股“中国热”。由法国耶酥会传教士马约瑟翻译的纪君祥的元杂剧《赵氏孤儿》激发了十八世纪的欧洲人对于中国文化的研究热情。这一中国悲剧不断被各大作家翻译、评论和改编，使欧洲在18世纪中期风行起了强大的“《赵氏孤儿》热”。在所有的改编本中，以伏尔泰的《中国孤儿》最具影响力。
作为第一部传入西方世界的元杂剧，《赵氏孤儿》激发了国内外学界的研究热情，产生了较多的研究成果，其中单独分析《赵氏孤儿》的作品和文章很多，但将元杂剧《赵氏孤儿》与改编的外国作品《中国孤儿》进行对比，分析文化传播中的碰撞和交融的极少，这也为本研究提供了一定的研究空间。
本文从多角度对比分析元杂剧《赵氏孤儿》与伏尔泰的《中国孤儿》中的异同，分别从悲剧文化、人文文化、宗教文化等三方面去寻找文化间的“交融”与“碰撞”，并探讨产生“交融”与“碰撞”的原因，以发现中国文化在传播过程中更易被接受的、能得到人类普遍认可的地方，以发展“交融”，柔和“碰撞”，让中国文化走向世界。
关键词：纪君祥,《赵氏孤儿》，伏尔泰,《中国孤儿》，文化，交融，碰撞，
