Abstract:Verbal communication depends on the particular context, and usually we can’t understand the utterance meaning clearly without considering the context. Different from traditional context, cognitive context puts more emphasis on the role of mental state of the communicators and the process of cognition from the dynamic perspective. In this paper, the roles of speaker and hearer’s cognitive context in verbal communication are explored on the basis of Cooperative Principle. Speakers’ mental states constantly change during the process of communication, and they should invariably estimate the hearer’s cognitive lever and use the communication skills, such as the usage of euphemism and irony, to make the communication go on smoothly. Besides, hearers must take speakers’ intention into consideration during the communication process, integrate the received information and their own mental states, and use the communication skills, such as the usage of paraphrase, to guarantee the verbal communication successful. Both speakers and hearers could determine the direction of the verbal communication. Through the detailed analyses of the roles of communicators’ cognitive context in verbal communication we can know more about communication skills to make verbal communication more successful.
Key Words: cognitive context; verbal communication; Cooperative Principle; communication skills
摘要：言语交际依赖于特定的语境，离开语境就无法真正理解话语的表达涵义。与传统语境不同，认知语境更加注重分析交际者的心理状态及其动态视角下的认知过程。本文结合合作原则分析了说话者和听者的认知语境在言语交际中的作用。说话者的心理随着交际的进行不断的发生改变；说话者在交际中不断的预测听者的认知程度从而应用具体的交际手段，如利用委婉语和反讽等使交际顺利进行。另外，在交际过程中，听者必须考虑说话者的话语意图，结合他们所接受的信息和他们自己的理解，利用释义等交际手段，来保证言语交际的顺利进行。说话者和听者共同控制着交际的方向。通过详细分析交际者的认知语境在言语交际中的作用，我们能够了解更多的交际手段使日常交际更加的成功。
关键词：认知语境；言语交际；合作原则；交际技巧
注：本文全文为英语所写的英语论文。只有摘要是中英语写的，全文为英文。
