Abstract:How to improve writing has long been the concern both to teachers and students. In reality, problems like empty talk, poor argument, confusing structure and weak reasoning etc. are the normal confusing patterns in students’ writing. Actually writing capacity, to a certain degree, displays the language proficiency of the writer. In writing, a person has to master the comprehensive knowledge and skill, otherwise he can not produce an ideal passage to express his ideas or to reach his purposes. This paper aims to look into the existing problems in order to find a remedy for correcting the wrong or improving the situation. Among all the possible causes, logic thinking will be the priority for discussion which might be a breakthrough for the matter.
In this paper，students' compositions were collected to get as the first-hand materials and then those with illogical expressions were put in groups for discussion. In general the existing confusions are as follows: material fallacy, verbal fallacy or formal fallacy frequently occur in students’ writings. Their habitual thinking style in Chinese makes it hard for them to suitably transfer their meaningful ideas into English in written form. Their habitual “ plausible reasoning process” tends to dominate their writing in English. As a result, it largely and wrongly affects their correct expressions. Therefore, contradictory premises, hasty generation, logical word mistakes, equivocation, insufficient reasoning and post hoc, etc. occur in writing. Hopefully some suggestions in this paper can offer some countermeasures for the matter.
Key Words: valid reasoning; writing; confusion; countermeasure
摘要:近年来，外语界对逻辑、思维与写作关系的研究不少，肯定了学习中逻辑思维的重要性。严谨的逻辑思维能力无论是对目前的学习还是对以后的工作都是十分重要且是不可忽视的基本功。英文写作中立意不明、结构不严谨、逻辑混乱、言之无物等现象普遍存在。本文从逻辑与写作的关系出发，从不同的角度来分析英语写作中产生逻辑乱象的原因。希望由注重逻辑思维能力的培养出发，研究如何从根本上提高英语写作乃至语言应用能力，找出切实可行的解决办法。
在本文中，首先通过搜集、整理学生写作练习中典型逻辑乱象，从不同的角度来分析英语写作中逻辑混乱现象的原因。初步发现在学生的写作练习中，受习惯思维的表达模式影响的问题比例较大，推理含糊不清的逻辑问题次之，诸如结构层次错乱与结论唐突，逻辑词语运用不当等错误与问题，模棱两可和推理也层出不穷。本文在通过分析的基础上分别设计出应对办法并进行适当实验，希望对提高写作能力有所帮助。
关键词：逻辑推理；写作；乱象；对策
