摘要:本设计是毕业设计，设计一个年处理10万吨铝基废催化剂提取氧化铝的高压溶出车间。根据本设计处理原料的特点，可知其中不仅含有大量的氧化铝而且还含有价值高的镍和钒。首先，从废催化剂中综合提取钒和镍，再用拜耳法处理上步得到的浸出渣来提取氧化铝，然后用电弧炉冶炼拜耳法赤泥的整体工艺流程。并对两种高压溶出工艺进行比较，选择了六级套管预热（矿浆从90℃预热到160℃）、四级压煮器预热（矿浆从160℃预热到200℃）、三级压煮器加热（矿浆加热到260℃）、两级压煮器停留溶出、十二级闪蒸的溶出工艺，论证了一些主要的技术经济指标；其次，对氧化铝生产工艺进行了冶金计算（包括物料平衡计算和能量平衡计算）；再次对氧化铝高压溶出车间进行了车间布置，并绘制了高压溶出的主体设备(带加热管束的压煮器)图，车间平面、立面图及氧化铝全厂的设备连接图。
关键词：铝基废催化剂；拜耳法；高压溶出；浸出钒
ABSTRACT:The design is an undergraduates’ graduation project, in which a high-pressure digestion plant is designed to extract alumina from the spent Al2O3-based catalyst with the throughput capacity of 100,000 tons per year. Not only does it contain a massive content of alumina, but also contains some valuable components of nickel and vanadium as well, according to the characteristics of the design’s processing raw material. First of all the extraction of vanadium and nickel from spent catalyst, and then the Bayer Process leach residue obtained in the previous step to extract alumina, and then use the overall process of the electric arc furnace smelting Bayer process red mud. The process of digestion is chosen as follows: 6-setp casing pipe preheating (makes ore slurry preheated from 90℃ to 160℃), 4-setp autoclave preheating(makes ore slurry preheated from 160℃ to 200℃), 3-setp autoclave heating directly (makes ore slurry heated from 200℃ to 260℃), 2-setp autoclave staying digestion, 12-setp flashing, after comparing with two kinds of leaching technics. Some essential technical-and-economic indexes are also elaborated. Secondly，a metallurgical calculation of the alumina production process (including burden balance calculation and energy balance calculation) are also made. Again, the layout of the high-pressure leaching aluminia workshop is designed and the map of the main equipment (autoclave with some heating pipes) of the high-pressure plant, the plane and elevation of the plant, and the scheme of connection of the equipments in the alumina plant-wide are drawn up.
Keywords: spent Al2O3-based catalyst; bayer precess; high-pressure digestion; leaching vanadium
