摘要
经过近60年的发展，云南已成为全国最大的咖啡豆生产和出口创汇基地。云南小粒咖啡因其独特的品质及其优良的性状获专家认可，享誉中外，咖啡产业也在不断地发展中。但从长期来看，云南咖啡产业仍属起步阶段：一方面，云南咖啡产业发展受国际市场价格起伏波动的影响和国际大公司的操控，总体上未形成产业发展化格局，未能摆脱原料基地、初制品生产的状况；另一方面，云南咖啡产业存在产业规模小、工艺技术装备落后、质量安全标准体系不完善、产业链短、附加值低、市场培育不足、竞争力不强、缺乏强有力的龙头企业等问题，严重的影响和制约了咖啡产业高产、优质、高效目标的实现。目前，在中国咖啡消费市场上，雀巢和麦斯威尔等国际品牌占据速溶咖啡半壁江山，星巴克与其闻名的现磨咖啡也来势汹汹。正如业内人士所言，无论是今天的星巴克还是此前的雀巢等国际知名企业来到云南开辟原料基地，不仅仅是因为云南小粒咖啡具有哥伦比亚“软咖啡”的特质及云南的咖啡市场，他们更看重中国咖啡市场年均15%以上的咖啡消费潜力。本文通过分析云南小粒咖啡发展现状及存在的问题，整合了为加快云南小粒咖啡产业发展的对策建议。
关键字：云南小粒咖啡；产业；发展；对策
abstract
After nearly 60 years of development, Yunnan has become the country's largest coffee bean production and export base. Yunnan Arabica Coffee recognized by experts because of its unique quality and excellent character, and Yunnan Arabica Coffee is renowned at home and abroad, meanwhile coffee industry is in constant development. But in the long term, Yunnan coffee industry still stay in the initial stage: on the one hand, the coffee industry development in Yunnan is fluenced by the influence of fluctuating international market prices and manipulation of large international companies. Generally the coffee industry development in Yunnan do not form a pattern of industrial development, do not cast away the situation on raw materials base and early production. On the other hand, the coffee industry in Yunnan have some problems, such as industrial scale is small, process technology and equipment is backward, quality and safety standard system is imperfect, industrial chain is short, added value is low, market cultivation is lack, competitiveness is not strong, strong leading enterprises is lack and so on, which seriously influences and restricts the coffee industry's high quality, high yield and efficient target realization.At present, in China's coffee consumer market, Nestle and Maxwell House and other international brands have occupied half of the country of instant coffee, Starbucks with its famous coffee also break in full fury. As the coffee industry insider said, both today Starbucks and in the internationally renowned enterprises such as Nestle open up raw materials base in Yunnan, not just because Yunnan Arabica Coffee has Columbia" soft coffee" trait and the coffee market in Yunnan, it is more that they tend to value Chinese coffee market which has an average 15% of coffee consumption potentiality. This article through analyzing Yunnan Arabica Coffee development present situation and existing problems, consolidates suggestions so as to accelerate Yunnan Arabica Coffee development.
Keywords:Yunnan Arabica coffee; industry; development; countermeasures
