中文摘要:梅奥教授通过霍桑试验提出非正式组织的概念，认为“企业中除了存在着为了实现企业目标而明确规定各成员相互关系和职责范围的正式组织之外，还存在着非正式组织。这种非正式组织的作用在于维护其成员的共同利益，使之免受其内部个别成员的疏忽或外部人员的干涉所造成的损失。为此非正式组织中有自己的核心人物和领袖，有大家共同遵循的观念、价值标准、行为准则和道德规范等。”非正式组织广泛存在于正式组织之中，对正式组织有着重要影响力。随着对非正式组织的影响力的普遍性研究的深入，单独针对某一项活动或某一个领域的特殊性的研究并没有展开。近年来，企业创新的作用日益凸显，现在已经超越学院创新成为创新的最主要渠道。本文就是以企业创新这一特殊性的一个角度，对非正式组织进行研究，通过对非正式组织的积极和消极影响力进行分析，再结合创新六判断标准，从而总结出非正式组织对企业创新的影响因素，最终具有针对性的提出正视非正式组织、重视企业文化的培养、将创新目标和非正式组织相结合这三项措施来引导非正式组织向促进企业创新的方向发展。
关键词：非正式组织 创新 正视非正式组织 文化引导
ABSTRACT:Professor Mayo put forward the concept of ‘informal organization’ by Hawthorne test, and he had an idea that .There is not only formal organization but also informal organization being in a corporation. The formal organization provides relations and responsibilities of staff in order to achieve corporation’s targets. On the contrary, the informal organization pays close attention to emotions of staff. This informal organization has its own key figures and leaders, and there are common concepts, values, codes of conduct and ethics in the informal organization. For this reason, informal organization widely among in formal organizations, and formal organization have an important impact on the force. All over the world, it is in a high lever that the research on the common influence of informal organization. But it is still blank in particular influence. In recent years, the role of innovation has become increasingly prominent, and Institute of Innovation has surpassed the most important channels of innovation. This paper is to study the informal organizations, through the influence of the informal organization to analyze and to summarize the informal organization influencing factors of enterprise innovation, and ultimately have to focus on measures to guide the informal organization to promote business innovation direction.
KEY WORD：informal organization innovation face informal organization guidance of culture
