摘要:股权转让制度是有限责任公司制度的重要组成部分。有限责任公司兼有资合与人合的性质,是人合性的资合公司,股东之间的相互信任和股东成员的相对稳定及股权结构的安排对公司和股东至关重要。这些性质决定了股权转让必须受到一定的限制,必须有完整科学的转让制度。
我国公司法对股权转让制度问题做了相关规定,但制度的建立并不意味着制度的完善,我国股权转让的制度还显得较为粗糙,原则性和概括性较强,立法与司法都还不够成熟,这与有限责任公司在我国经济生活中的重要地位不相适应。因此,我们有必要对公司股权转让制度进行完善,以期对我国有限责任公司制度的发展。
关键词:有限责任公司;股权转让;司法适用;立法完善
Abstract:Transfer of shares system is finite liability company system is an important part of. Limited liability company both capital and human nature, is one of the capital company, shareholders and the shareholders of mutual trust between members of the relative stability and the arrangement of equity structure of the company and shareholders is crucial. These properties determine the equity transfer shall be subject to certain restrictions, there must be a complete scientific system of the transfer of.
Our company law on the transfer of shares system of the relevant provisions, but the system does not mean that the system's consummation, our country stock transfer system is relatively rough, principles and generality is stronger, the legislation and judicature is not mature enough, and this limited liability company in China's economic life in an important position do not suit. Therefore, it is necessary for us to perfect the system of company equity transfer, with a view to China's limited liability company system development.
Key words: limited liability company;equity transfer;judicial;legislative perfection
股权转让从广义上讲可分有限责任公司的股权转让和股份有限责任公司的股份转让两种类型。相对于有限责任公司,股份有限公司的股份转让是以有价证券的转让来实现的,其法律规定较为完善,且其具有公开、公示的性质,出现问题和争议较少。而转让股权作为有限责任公司股东退出公司的唯一选择,有限公司较多地具有人合性的特点,有限责任公司对股权转让有较多限制,也容易出现问题。因此,本文重点阐述有限责任公司股权转让制度的完善。有限责任公司的股权转让导致公司内部成员与结构的变化,危及股东对公司人合及公司目标保持的期待,不仅影响股权转让双方的利益,而且涉及到公司及其股东、董事、债权人的利益。股权的资本性及公司法的资本维持原则,决定了股权转让在整个有限责任公司制度体系中具有重要地位。完善股权转让制度对有限责任公司乃至于我国经济的发展都将产生积极的影响。