摘要：随着经济的快速增长，作为世界第一大能源消费国，我们的资源供需差距越来越大，特别是石油资源，中国石油消费量逐年增加，由于资源禀赋的限制，国内石油产量已不能满足经济发展的需求，影响了大量石油资源的充足和稳定供给。中国在1993年成为原油净进口国后，提出了大力实施“走出去”战略，在严峻的国际石油形势下，中国石油企业开始对外直接投资，经过多年的奋斗，中国石油行业的海外直接投资的规模和范围不断扩大，在对外直接投资成果显著。
对外投资是石油公司发展的重要推动力,投资战略、投资规模与效益的有效结合，对投资活动乃至石油企业的发展产生了重大影响。文章介绍了中国石油企业对外直接投资的现状，以中国三大石油公司为例分析了中国石油企业海外直接投资的规模与效益，并分析石油企业可能发展的趋势，从另一个角度与埃克森美孚、雪佛龙等知名的国外石油企业的海外直接投资形成对比，以寻求发展趋势，从而对我国石油企业海外直接投资过程中存在的问题提出应对策略和建议。
关键词：对外直接投资 石油企业 规模和效益
ABSTRACT：With the rapid economic growth, as the world's largest energy consumer, our growing gap between supply and demand of resources becomes more and more bigger, especially oil resources. China's oil consumption has increased year by year. Due to resource endowment constraints, domestic oil production can not meet the needs of economic development. It has affected the adequate and stable supplies for a large numbers of oil resources, which is important to the safe operation of national economic security and sustainable development. In 1993, China became a net importer of crude oil, the central government put forward to vigorously implement the "going out" strategy clearly. And encouraging Chinese enterprises to establish a stable and reliable overseas oilproduction base and supply base. Under the grim international oil situation, Chinese oil companies began to Foreign Direct Investment. In Mergers and acquisitions, transnational oil companies and China National Petroleum Corporation, China Petrochemical Corporation and China National Offshore Oil Corporation China Petroleum representatives actively into the international oil market. After years of struggle, the scale and scope of China's foreign direct investment in the oil industry is expanding and making remarkable achievements.
Investment is an important driving force of Oil Companies, investment strategy, scale and efficiency of investment’s effective combination, as well as Oil Companies to invest in the development of activities had a significant impact. This paper introduces foreign direct investment of the Chinese oil companies; China's three major oil companies as an example of the Chinese oil companies overseas direct investment scale and benefit. Exxon Mobil Exxon Mobile, Chevron Chevron, well-known example is the analysis of corporate foreign oil companies overseas direct investment scale and efficiency, to compare, to seek development trend, and thus China's oil companies overseas direct investment problems existing in the process of coping strategies and recommendations.
Keywords : outward foreign direct investment ; Oil companies；Scale and benefit
