摘要:李词悲艳哀婉，高奇无匹，韵味神异，朗丽清新。就整体来看李煜词能柔能刚，能婉能直，轻率之中饶风韵之至。在此，笔者不揣浅陋，拟从李煜前期词和后期词来探讨李煜词的特点。李煜前期多写帝王宫廷豪华生活、艳情生活和一些闲愁别绪。所抒之情，有欢娱、有情爱、有离愁别绪，基本上是花间词风的继续。所以前期词呈现清丽婉约的风格。李煜后期，被俘入宋后，“此中，日夕只以眼泪洗面”的悲惨处境带给他彻心刻骨的痛苦和悲怆，所以其后期词改变了晚唐五代以来花间词人通过妇女不幸的遭遇来曲折表达自己心情的手法，在词中直接宣泄自己亡国的哀痛和人生的不幸，其词妩媚中寓刚劲，婉约中含豪放。李煜后期的词一扫绮罗香泽之态，摆脱绸缪宛转之风，感情真挚，内容充实，形式质朴，风格自然清新，摆脱了花间之町畦，在我国文学发展史上，使词这一文学样式走上了正轨。故李煜可算得上是一个开一代词风的人物。豪放派在宋代是一个有影响的词派，然若要追根溯源，其滥觞者，李煜也。
关键词：李煜词特点；婉约；豪放；意境
Abstract:The lyrics of LiYu would be sorrowful, high wonderful incomparable. The flavor was gods and ghosts,which bright Li was fresh.On the whole ,LiYu’s lyrics could soften can just, could graceful be able to be straight. The rash in bountiful graceful bearing the utmost. Now, author bold mean, draws up discusses Li Yu’s lyrics from the characteristic of his preliminary word and the later period word.At his earlier period he wrote mainly emperor’s enjoyment, love, sorrow of parting separation sorrow, basically were between the flower the word wind continuation.Therefore the preliminary word presented the simple and beautiful composed style.Li Yu was taken prisorer by his later period to Song Dynasty.During this time,he was in a tragic situation,which made him to suffer deeply pain.So he changed the late Tang five dynasties between the flower the excellent poet through the woman unfortunate bitter experience, reveals or voices oneself feelings the technique, directly divulges oneself perishes country's in the word sorrowful and the life misfortune, its word charming lodges vigorously, composed contains boldly.As soon as the later period word of LiYu sweeped the fine silk fragrance condition, getting rid of many places emotionally entwined the wind, the sentiment was sincere with substantial in content; the form was plain; the style nature was fresh, which got rid of the flower between fields.In our literature history, it caused the word step onto the stock rail.Therefore Li Yu is considered to be a character who opened pronoun wind.The bold faction in Song Dynasty was an influential word faction, if however got to the bottom of a matter, its source, Li Yu.
Key words: The characteristics of LiYu,s lyrics;Composed;Bold; Ideal condition
李词香软婉约，清丽而不浮靡，亡国之作悲怆忧愤，含意深沉，越过晚唐五代之词，给当时的文坛带来了新的气象。改变了花间香软秾艳浮靡的创作之风，拓展了词的题材，开拓了词的意境，精心设计了词的结构，对豪放派泽被深远。所以时至今日，它依然有独特的魅力。
