[摘要] 在现当代文学小说创作中,有不少作家都热衷于采用儿童视角这一叙事手法,用儿童纯真无邪的心灵去观察世界,体味生活,从而展现作家自身对生命的追求。萧红和迟子建这两位才华横溢的女作家,童年的经历对她们的创作产生了深远的影响,她们通过儿童纯净的眼睛和心灵去观望成人的烦恼与痛苦,但也存在着差异。本文围绕儿童视角,比较两位女作家的创作动机和创作风格,并从她们的时代背景和人生经历等方面寻找造成差异的原因。
[关键词] 萧红;迟子建;儿童视角;比较
[Abstract] In modern and contemporary literature creation of novels, has many writers is on to the children's perspective the narrative technique, with the heart of the pure and innocent children to observe the world, appreciate life and show writer to the pursuit of life itself. Xiao hong and Chi zijian promotes the two talented writer, childhood experience of their creative works have had a profound impact, they through the children's pure hearts and eyes to look the trouble of adult and pain, but there are still differences. This paper focus on children's perspective, compare the two woman writer's creation motivation and creative styles, and from their background and experience, etc by looking for the reasons for the differences.
[Key words] Xiao hong; Chi zijian; children's perspective;comparison
萧红是中国现代女作家,在东北作家群中,她是最具艺术才情的作家。在她的作品中处处流露着悲凉与寂寞,代表作有中篇小说《生死场》、《马伯乐》和长篇小说《呼兰河传》。其中《呼兰河传》是萧红独特的叙事视角的展现,通过儿童纯真的视角回忆了儿童时期的人和事,描写北方小城人民愚昧不幸的生活,刻画出沉默的国民的灵魂。
时隔半个世纪,当代作家文坛上又出现了一颗耀眼的新星,她就是迟子建。她出生在中国的最北边黑龙江漠河,因此有人称她为“极地之女”。与萧红一样,迟子建也喜欢采用儿童视角来抒写自然,抒写社会,抒写人生。她生活在独特的社会环境和背景里,使她形成了独特的写作风格。
萧红和迟子建都是文坛上的独特作家,童年生活都对她们产生了深刻的影响,因此,在叙事手法上不约而同地喜欢采用儿童视角。然而,由于时代背景,童年经历,个性特征等方面的不同,造成在儿童视角使用和表现上又有显著的差别。