摘要：随着历史时代、社会环境以及思想观念的变迁，女性在中国古代文学中的形象也由男权统治下的附属品、牺牲品逐步成为主人公。丫鬟作为封建社会时期特有的人群，其自身具备的性别特征和阶级属性很大程度上体现出时代特点。明清之际的世情小说中的丫鬟形象层出不穷，从世情小说中的典型作品《金瓶梅》、“三言二拍”到《红楼梦》等作品中可以总结出以下三点变化：丫鬟角色的凸显；主仆关系的深入；丫鬟人格的丰富和加强。这三个方面的变化不仅与时代、社会以及思想的变化密切相关，更是明清小说创作日臻成熟的一个标志。
关键词：丫鬟；《金瓶梅》；“三言二拍”；《红楼梦》
Abstract：With the changes of the historical times and social circumstance and ideological concept, images of the females in Chinese classical literature gradually become the protagonist rather than the accessories or victims in the male-centered society. As the particular group of people in the feudal society, the sexual characteristics and class property of the maidservants to a large extent reflects the characteristics of times. Images of the maidservants of the secular novels between Ming and Qing emerged in endlessly, from the typical works, The Golden Lotus, Sanyan Erpai and A Dream of Mansions, this thesis summed up the following three changes: protruding of the roles of the maidservants, deepening of the relationship between master and servant, enriching and strengthening of the personality of the maidservants. These changes not only closely related with the changes of the historical times and social circumstance and ideological concept, but also become a sign of the maturity of novels of Ming and Qing dynasties.
Key words：maidservant；The Golden Lotus；Sanyan Erpai；A Dream of Mansions
