摘要:政府决策成本是影响政策效益的关键因素之一,控制政府决策成本对提高政策效益具有重要意义。影响政府决策成本的因素有经济、政治、文化环境因素，决策者自身因素。控制政府决策成本需要做到明确政府职能，科学合理的设置行政机构，建立科学民主化的决策机制，健全绩效评估体系，大力发展电子政务。
关键词：政府决策 政府决策成本 制约机制 监督体系
Abstract:The cost of policy-making of the government is one of the key factors affecting the effectiveness of the policies. To control the cost of governmental policy-making reasonably is significantly important to the enhancement of the effectiveness of policies. There are four factors concerning the cost of governmental policy-making, including economic environment, political environment, cultural environment and the policy-maker himself. Based on the aforementioned, the author reckons that there are five measures or criterions need to be introduced to help to control the cost of governmental policy-making reasonably, which include the definitude of the government functions, reasonable set of the administrative bodies, scientific and democratic policy-making mechanism, sound and standardized performance evaluation system and the promising development of the E-Government etc.
Keywords： Policy-making of the government Cost of policy-making of the government Constraint mechanism supervision system
仅仅从成本的角度来说，由于政府的存在是需要国民付出的，因此，国民负担越小的政府，一定是越受国民欢迎的政府。政府自觉地控制管理成本，减少开支，这就意味着政府绩效的提高，形成了一个有能力、比较廉价的政府形象。另外控制政府决策成本要求政府决策民主化，透明化，这样有助于拉近政府与公众之间的距离，创造和谐融洽的社会环境，从而更好地实现行政目标，打造公开透明民主的政府形象，增强政府的向心力，有利于决策的执行、监督和反馈。而且树立良好的政府形象要求要求决策者在政策的制定和执行过程中考虑到政策公正合理与否、方案妥善恰当与否，以期使政府决策更加科学合理，科学合理的政策在执行过程中更加具有稳定性，政策的稳定是社会稳定的前提，能够有效维护公民心目中良好的政府形象。
