摘要 本文拟从明晰“见危不救”的概念入手,从“见危不救”所具有的严重社会危害性、社会的现实需求以及道德规范的无能为力三个方面论述其入罪的必要性,进而分析将“见危不救”入罪的可行性,借鉴古今中外的立法经验、进行立法设想以及探讨入罪后可能的存在问题等等,以引起整个社会对这一问题的重视。
关键字:见危不救; 入罪可行性; 无特定义务
Abstract:This paper, starting with a clear analysis of the definition of “Intentionally not rescue people in danger”, discusses the necessity of taking it as criminal in terms of its serious social hazardous nature, the actual demands from the society and the powerlessness of ethics, and then analyzes the possibility of incrimination of “Intentionally not rescue people in danger”. It uses lawmaking experience from all times for reference, puts forward some legal suggestions and discusses the possible problems after the incrimination. The purpose of the paper is to lead the whole society to pay attention to this problem.
Key words:Intentionally not rescue people in danger;Feasibility of criminalization; no specific obligations
“见危不救”事件的屡屡发生一再表明,这一社会问题仅仅靠道德的约朿是远远不够的,只有将重大的道德义务上升为法律义务,用刑罚惩治“见危不救”的行为,才能有效抑制“见危不救”现象的进一步蔓延。
同时,我们也应当认识到,在实际的司法操作过程中会存在着一些难题,如主体的认定、危险状态的具体判定等等,但问题的存在不能成为我们规避增设“见危不救罪”的理由。我们可以借鉴我国古代以及外国在惩治“见危不救”行为立法方面的成功经验,结合我国的现实国情,对“见危不救罪”在犯罪构成、刑罚设置等方面进行合理化规定与设计,从而达到更好地保护公民的生命健康权、公共安全以及社会主义的道德秩序的目的。