摘要:凸轮机构作为机械传动中重要的传动方式，被广泛地应用于自动机械和自动控制装置中。根据凸轮轮廓曲线可以得到各种预期的运动规律。凸轮机构为高副机构，由凸轮、推杆和机架3个构件组成。凸轮机构对凸轮轮廓曲线要求较高，必须保证轮廓曲线光滑以减少冲击。传统的凸轮设计为作图法和解析法，作图法得到的轮廓曲线较粗糙，作图过程繁琐，适用于对凸轮机构要求不高的场合。解析法可以提高凸轮轮廓曲线的设计精度，但手工计算的数据点少，如果凸轮要求很高，就必须增加计算的点数，从而增加了工作量，而且得到的原始数据容易产生“拐点”。 随着计算机辅助设计／计算机辅助制造(CAD／CAM)技术的益普及，新材料与热处理新工艺的发展，凸轮的设计与制造已变得十分方便而精确，凸轮的使用寿命大幅度延长，制造成本不断下降。可以预计，凸轮机构在自动机械中的应用范围，将越来越广泛，其工作性能将获得明显的改善，从而将更好地促进自动机械的发展。利用计算机辅助设计可以大大提高工作效率，而且能够快捷地得到精确的凸轮轮廓线。
本文介绍了如何运用Matlab语言绘制凸轮机构的轮廓曲线，以及利用Guide工具编制一个操作界面。根据矢量法建立凸轮机构的运动学方程。采用Matlab语言对其进行编程，得到凸轮机构的轮廓曲线。该方法求解效率高，得到凸轮机构的轮廓曲线较作图法精确．避免了手工求解的麻烦，具有极高的实用价值。
关键词：凸轮；Matlab；M文件；轮廓线；Guide
Abstract:CAM as mechanical transmission in important driving mode, is widely used in automatic machines and automatic control devices. According to the CAM contour curve can get the movement rule of various expected. CAM is high, the CAM, vice institutions push rod and frame three components. CAM to the demand is higher, CAM contour curve must ensure smooth contour curves in order to reduce the impact. The traditional CAM design for graphic method and analytic method, graphic method get outline curve is coarser, drawing process trivial, suitable for CAM mechanism of occasions with low requirements. Analytical method can improve the design of CAM contour curve manual calculation accuracy, but the data points less, if CAM is demanding, must increase calculation points, thus increasing the workload, and get to produce the original data "inflection point". Along with the computer aided design/computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology, the new material and PE popularize new process development, heat CAM design and manufacturing has become very convenient and accurate, greatly extend the service life of CAM, manufacturing costs continue to drop. Can be expected in the automatic machinery, CAM application scope, will more and more extensive, its performance will obtain obvious improvement, which will facilitate the development of automatic machinery. Using a computer aided design can greatly improve work efficiency, but also can quickly obtain precise CAM contour line.
This paper introduces how to use Matlab language outline curve drawing CAM mechanism. Based on vector method to establish the CAM mechanism kinematic equation. Based on Matlab language of its programming, get CAM outline curve. This method is of high efficiency, get CAM outline curve more graphic method precise. Avoid the trouble, the manual solution has high practical value.
Keywords: CAM; Matlab; M files; Contour line; Guide
