摘要: 自动焊接机是一种基于PLC可编程序控制器的自动焊接装置，与普通手动焊接机相比，自动焊接机具有多种优势，它可以极大的实现焊接规模化，能够保证某些特殊场合的特殊要求，因而这也是目前的极具现实意义一个研究课题。
不同于一般的自动焊接装置，由于微型电机很小，为提高焊接效率，一般是先把电机线圈排列在专用焊座上，然后由气缸驱动焊枪，批量完成焊接任务，大大提高工效。本文侧重基于PLC与步进电机控制的自动焊接系统，结合气动控制系统，这保证了在焊接过程中的位置精度，研究了PLC与步进电机、气缸的控制关系和方法。
本文中所述带动焊枪在Z方向上进行焊接动作的是气缸A，而不是一般的机械手，同样，焊枪在X方向上的运动时靠气缸B来完成的，在机械传动方面，Y方向上焊机支架由滚珠丝杠驱动，滚珠丝杠由步进电机驱动，整个装置的基本动作为：线圈固定好之后，步进电机启动，焊机支架在滚珠丝杠的带动下到达第一个焊点，丝杠停止转动，气缸A活塞伸出，驱动焊枪完成焊接后缩回，滚珠丝杠继续转动，当完成第6个焊点后，A缸缩回，B缸伸出，步进电机反转，重复完成剩余6个焊点的焊接，至第12个焊点完成后，A、B缸缩回，步进电机停止转动。整个过程由PLC控制。
关键词：自动焊机 PLC 气动 步进电机
ABSTRACT:Automatic welding machine is a PLC programmable logic controller-based automatic welding equipment, welding machine compared with the ordinary manual, automatic welding machine has many advantages, it can achieve great welding scale, to ensure that certain special occasions special requirements, and therefore this is a current research topic of great practical significance.
Unlike automatic welding apparatus, since a small micro motors, to improve the welding efficiency, generally arranged in the motor coil is the first special welding holder, and driven by the cylinder gun, welding tasks batch completion, greatly improving efficiency. This paper focuses on the stepping motor based on PLC controlled automatic welding system with pneumatic control system, which ensures that the positional accuracy of the welding process, of the PLC and the stepping motor cylinder control relationship and methods.
Described herein in the Z direction to drive the torch welding operation of the cylinder A, and not the general robot Similarly, the torch in the X direction by the movement of the cylinder B to be completed, the mechanical transmission side, Y direction is welded machine frame by a ball screw driven by a stepper motor driven ball screw, the basic operation of the entire device as follows: after the fixed coils, stepper motor starters, welder, driven by ball screw bracket to reach the first spot , screw stops rotating cylinder A piston out, the drive to complete the welding torch retracted after, ball screw continues to rotate, when, after completion of the first six joints, A cylinder is retracted, B cylinder out, the stepper motor reversal repeat to complete the remaining six spot welding, to 12 joints completed, A, B cylinder retracted, the stepper motor stops rotating. The whole process is controlled by PLC.
Keywords: automatic welder; PLC; pneumatic ;stepper motor
