摘要:随着社会的不断发展和生活水平的提高，人们的生活需求开始改变，人们对生活质量的要求也不断的提高，伴随在生活的节奏，散装饮料也进入了人们的生活，但由于环境的污染等因素，散装饮料也可能受到重金属污染，从而影响人们的身体健康。不同的散装饮料中重金属含量也不相同，本次课题是测量散装饮料中部分重金属并进行健康风险评价，使人们对散装饮料有更进一步的认识，提倡人们，注意健康饮食。
根据对大学城周边饮料调查，选取散装饮料柳橙、雪碧、美年达、橙汁、酸梅汤和可口可乐作为研究对象，用X-原子荧光分光光度计和原子吸收分光光度计测量饮料中重金属砷、铅、汞、镉和铬的含量，用单因子评价法和综合评价法进行评价，再根据美国提供的EPF健康风险模型进行综合评价，结果为通过引用途径引起人年健康风险得知，酸梅汤健康风险值高于国际辐射防护委员会推荐值，长期引用会影响人体健康。
关键词：重金属 风险评价 散装饮料
ABSTRACT:With the continuous development of society and the improvement of living standards， people's life demand began to change，people's quality of life requirements are also increasing，along with the rhythm of life，the bulk of beverage has entered people's lives， but due to environmental pollution and other factors， the bulk drinks may also be affected by heavy metal pollution，thus affecting the people health. The content of heavy metals in different bulk drinks are not the same，this topic is the health risk assessment of heavy metal and part of measuring bulk beverage，make people have further understanding，encourage people to bulk drink， pay attention to healthy diet.
According to the investigation on the surrounding University City drink, orange, Sprite, selected bulk drink Mirinda, orange juice, plum soup and Coca Cola as the object of study, content measured by spectrophotometer in beverages, heavy metal arsenic lead, mercury, cadmium and chromium uptake by X- atomic fluorescence spectrophotometer and atomic, using single factor evaluation method and the comprehensive evaluation method, then the comprehensive evaluation according to EPF health risk model provided by the United States, the health risks caused by that year for reference way, plum juice health risk is higher than the value of the International Commission on Radiological Protection recommended value, long-term drinking will affect human health.
Key words: the heavy metal；risk assessment；dinks
随着社会工艺的进步和发展，三废排放已经成为社会公认的污染问题，研究显示，中国地表水中主要的重金属污染为汞，其次是镉、铬和铅，其他重金属如镍、铊、铍、铜在中国各类地表水、饮用水体中的超标现象也很严重，而散装饮料重金属污染主要来源于：
1.制作散装饮料的水收到了污染；可能是由于三废的排放，倒是饮用水重金属超标。
2.散装饮料的添加剂或者防腐剂中含有重金属，导致饮料重金属超标。
3.散装饮料包装盒在制作时不根据标准，包装盒含有重金属导致饮料重金属超标。
4.散装饮料制作机器有金属成分，在常年的侵泡和腐蚀过程中，机器的重金属渗入散装饮料中。
5.在饮料制作过程中，没有用纯净水而是直接用自来水配制饮料；或者加入散装饮料中的冰块不干净含有重金属。
