ABSTRACT:Aestheticism representative Oscar Wilde is one of the most talented writers who are well-known in the British literary arena. His famous comedy The Importance of Being Earnest describes upper classes of society's life during the Victoria era. In the play，the two leading characters have made profound impression on all readers，and become the key point to this play’s conflict . But in Wilde’s real life, he was also living in a kind of secret and dual life which cannot but cause readers to associate the two's inner link. What urged him to turn from a simple aestheticism initiator to a person who lived with double identity, and degenerated into the captive finally? What caused his desire to break through the self-fetter? With the aid of Freudian psychoanalysis, this article aims to disclose the profound psychological and the social root under the superficial dual lives
Key Words：Oscar Wilde; double identity；Feud; Culture Difference; psychoanalysis
中文摘要:唯美主义的代表人物奥斯卡王尔德是英国文坛上闻名的才子，他向来妙语连珠，并且因“唯美主义”而闻名。其著名的喜剧《认真的重要性》描绘了英国维多利亚时期上层社会的生活。剧中两位主角双重人格和生活使人印象深刻并且因此成为此剧的关键冲突。而史实证明现实生活中的王尔德也过着一种隐秘的双重生活,这使人联想到王尔德的心理和其作品本身的内在联系。是什么促使了他从一位简单的唯美主义倡导者变成过着双重生活,并最终沦为阶下囚的呢? 又是什么使得他的欲望冲破自我的束缚?借助弗洛伊德对精神分析的一些理论,本文着力于从文化差异和心理学角度揭开《认真的重要性》中人物和王尔德的双重身份下所隐藏的心理学和社会学根源。
关键词：奥斯卡王尔德;人格的二重性;弗洛伊德;文化差异;精神分析
To conclude，the depth psychology which initiated by Freud, represents a giant step forward the aspect of reorganization of the world and human beings. Through the Exquisite analysis for inner world, Freud made us to know about the undiscovered another side of ourselves. However, being as an individual in reality, we will be more or less bow to it, or abandon some inherent physical thing in front of enormous pressure. Freud recognized double personality as a necessary stuff to benefit mind and body on a certain extent. Nevertheless, it would turn out to be a morbid catastrophe as soon as it goes beyond the limit. After split by reality and desire, the result only can be self-destruction. We can see all kinds of hidden secrets while taking a panoramic view of Oscar Wilde's four comedies. The intention of the drunkard lies not on the wine, but on other purposes. Now it has to be said that the authors possess a morbid psychological characteristics while describing secrets and eventually settled them satisfactorily as they prefer in such a specific historical background. It’s more accurate to say that Oscar Wilde's tragedy is the powerless against motivated by the twisted soul towards social decay than being self-conceited and insolent on account of his ability.
