Abstract: This paper aims to study the naturalistic characteristics in Maugham's Of Human Bondage. In this novel, Maugham applies the realistic method of writing as well as the tendency of naturalism. Maugham criticizes the moral bankruptcy of the society through the description of people's instinct. He also puts people in some particular environment and highlights the influence of environment on man. In Maugham’s works, he keeps the objective and scientific attitude. His style fits the requirement of naturalism. So there are three aspects to explore the naturalistic characters in Of Human Bondage: environmental determinism, instinct of fear and pursuit of identity.
Key words: naturalism; Of Human Bondage; instinct; environment
摘要：本文主要研究毛姆的作品《人性的枷锁》中的自然主义特点。在这部小说中，毛姆在运用了传统的现实主义方法的创作的同时，也表现出一些自然主义倾向。毛姆通过描写人的本能来批判社会道德的沦丧。他把人物放到特定的环境中来强调环境对于人的影响。毛姆在创作中力求保持客观的态度和科学的眼光，他的创作风格和自然主义的要求是符合的。所以可以从环境决定性、人性的恐惧感和人性的对于同一性的追求三个方面分析毛姆作品的自然主义倾向的表现，从而深度剖析毛姆作品中存在的自然主义特点。
关键词：自然主义；《人性的枷锁》；本能；环境
