摘 要:目前国内外关于企业多元化经营的研究多侧重于从经济学、法学、管理学等角度出发，分析企业发展多元化战略的环境及影响条件，实施多元化战略需要考虑的问题，以及多元化经营的理论依据和具体实施方案等。
本文通过以全球最大的多元化公司——通用电气为例，探究其全球化战略、服务战略、六西格玛质量要求、电子商务战略，以及财务、制造、采购等要素，归纳出多元化经营企业在组织模式、战略模式和管理模式上的特点。在定义“成功”的显性指标与隐性指标的基础上，研究影响多元化经营企业成功的关键要素。将多元化经营与单一经营进行比较，总结多元化经营对本土企业发展的启示，分析其在我国经济环境下的现状，存在的问题以及如何将其成功要素应用于中国企业，避免环境的不利影响，寻找发展机会，以适应外部环境，谋求更广泛的发展空间，根据企业自身特点及内外部环境条件，选择一条自己的多元化之路。
关键词：多元化；通用电气；企业管理；经营战略
ABSTRACT:At present, the research on enterprises’ diversification home and abroad more focused on the perspective of economics, law, management, etc., analyze the environment and impact factors of the enterprises’ development strategy of diversifying, the problems should be considered when implementing the strategy of diversification, as well as the theoretical basis and concrete implementation plan.
This paper will explore the globalization strategy, service strategy, six sigma quantity, E-Business strategy as well as finance, manufacture, sourcing of GE, summarize the features of pluralism manage enterprises in organizational models, strategic patterns and administration mode. It will find the key successful factors of diversification by defining the explicit and implicit indicators of “success”. It will sum up the revelation to local enterprises by comparing single business with diversified management, introduce the economic atmosphere of our country and the present situation, existing problems within it. At the same time, it will be considered how to avoid the negative impacts of environment and apply the successful factors into Chinese factories. They should also look for growth opportunities to adapt the external conditions. According to their own characteristics, the enterprises may choose a suited diversified road for themselves.
Keywords: Diversification; GE; Management; Operating strategy
