摘要：资金密集、高风险，是房地产行业的最基本特征，而在我国，这些风险主要集中在商业银行。中国的房地产市场的正常发展的同时，非理性繁荣的迹象已经出现，市场风险的积累，在一些城市的房地产价格上涨过快，特别是在长江三角洲的区域中心城市，房地产价格猛增现象是最明显的。房地产行业泡沫对银行个人住房贷款构成了实际性的威胁。房地产在国民经济的特殊地位，涉及千家万户，所有利益相关者，随着房价继续在近几年大幅上涨，以及宏观调控的双重影响，都必将会受到房地产价格波动带来的巨大影响。对房地产价格的下一步的发展模式和房地产市场的深刻影响消费者，投资者，开发商，银行，政府和房地产相关业务；主体的商业银行，房地产泡沫的破灭，银行投入到其的资产可能无法收回，很多贷款最后沦为呆账或者坏账，导致银行不良贷款率上涨，假如泡沫过大，后果会使得房产价格大幅度下跌，银行因此遭受巨大损失，甚至会使银行信誉受到严重损害，存款者会对银行丧失信心，不信任银行，进而排挤银行，引发金融恐慌甚至引发银行的破产。银行监管的经营理念将随着商业银行改革的深入进行不断深化，并在股份制改革逐步深入中提升系统的管理效益，也将进一步关注其结构和隐藏的风险。现在银行的核心问题是流动性过剩，资产过剩就是资产囤积，这不但使银行自身的经营受阻，还影响到整个经济的平稳运转。剩余的流动性是的银行为了追求自身利益不断竞争，盲目追随大客户，对贷款条件审核不严或者降低贷款的利率，因此增加放贷，但也增加了信用风险和利率风险；如果过量的流动资金进入到资本和货币市场会使得市场内重要投资工具利率不断降低甚至低于银行存款利率，严重危害资本市场和货币市场的正常交易条件。
面临新一轮的危机，需要银行加快步伐，完善消费者住房贷款的风险预防和控制体系，制定完善的风控计划并严格执行。本文写作的目的就是在分析我过消费者住房贷款的特征和风险上，对银行控制消费者住房贷款的风险提出一些合理化建议。
关键词：个人住房贷款 风险 商业银行
Abstract: Real estate is a high risk of a capital-intensive industry, the risk of China's real estate industry is highly concentrated on the stage of commercial banks. China's real estate market at the same time, normal development, signs of irrational exuberance has also been revealed, is the accumulation of market risk, manifested in soaring real estate prices in some cities, especially in the Yangtze River Delta region in which the center of the city's most obvious. The existence of the real estate bubble of the safety of individual housing loans of commercial banks to form a real threat .As the real estate special status in the national economy and involves thousands of families, the vital interests of all stakeholders, with housing prices continued to rise sharply in recent years, and the double impact of macro-control, the next price change of real estate and real estate market conditions a profound impact on the pattern of consumers, investors, developers, banks, governments and practitioners in various real estate-related subjects: commercial banks, the real estate bubble burst, banks invest some money in real estate in danger of not being paid, many loans eventually become bad debts, bad debts, the ratio of non-performing loans will increase significantly. If the foam is very serious price declines after the bursting of the enormous losses suffered by the bank is too large, it may damage the credibility of banks, credit banks depositors would cast doubt on the bank run, causing a financial panic, and even lead to bank bankruptcy. With the deepening of the reform of China's commercial banks were banks regulate business philosophy and system management effectiveness in the gradual deepening of the joint-stock reform, will be more concerned about the structure and potential risks banks. The most important stage, focus on the problem of excess liquidity of commercial banks. Excess liquidity of commercial banks, not only have an impact on the bank's own operations, but also a threat to the smooth running of the whole economy. Excess liquidity will lead to excessive competition in the banking sector, the blind pursuit of large customers, irrational reduce the loan conditions and lending rates to fall, amplifying the credit risk and interest rate risk. If excessive liquidity to invest capital and money markets, will lead to continued low interest rates money market instruments major investment, even upside down and deposit rates.
Face a new round of risk issues, commercial banks is an urgent need to improve risk prevention system of individual housing loans; the purpose of writing this paper is to analyze the risks hope status quo on the basis of individual housing loans on individual housing loans to improve the risk prevention system to recommendations.
Key words: Individual Housing Consumption Loan Risk Commercial Banks
