【摘要】随着信息化科学技术的发展，互联网已经成为人类生活的第五元素，网络化成为人类信息交流的新的方式。但是由于网络的特点以及网络技术发展的不确定性与国际、国内立法的滞后，网络名誉侵权大量发生。与传统名誉侵权相比，网络名誉侵权有着侵害方式便捷，传播区域广泛，侵权行为互动性以及侵权后果的严重性等特点，在侵害方式上也有自己的特点，主要包括网络博客、网络恶搞、通过论坛发言、网上聊天室等方式。网络侵权的责任主体较复杂，包括直接侵权人、言论传播者、网络服务提供商(ISP)，并从被侵权人确有被损害的事实、行为人行为违法、违法行为与损害后果之间有因果关系、行为人主观上有过错等四个方面来认定网络名誉权侵权责任。针对网络发展给名誉权的保护带来的巨大威胁各国都加强了网络名誉权的法律保护，但在侵权人的确定、证据的搜集、司法管辖地的确定方面还存在很多困难。我国从宪法、民法、刑法等法律的高度，多方位落实了对于名誉权的法律保护，但是面对网络带来的严峻挑战，笔者提出几点建议：加强网络立法活动，完善网络行为规范提高网络行业自律意识，构建网络伦理等。
【关键词】网络名誉侵权 认定 保护
【Abstract】With the development of information science and technology, the Internet has become the fifth element of human life, human information exchange network to become the new way. However, due to the characteristics of the network and network technology uncertainty and the international and domestic legislation lags behind, occurring on a large network of defamation. Traditional defamation, compared with the network against defamation and convenient way to disseminate regional wide interactive violations and the seriousness of the consequences of infringement and other characteristics, the way in the abuse has its own characteristics, including Internet blog, Web spoof, through the forum to speak, online chat rooms, etc.. The main responsibilities of the network more complex tort, including direct infringer, speech communicators, Internet service provider (ISP), and the infringer from being the fact that there was damage, the perpetrator acts are illegal, unlawful and harm between causal relationship, the perpetrator subjective fault to identify four aspects of the network reputation tort liability. Reputation for network development to the protection of the enormous threat to all countries to strengthen the network of legal protection of reputation, but in the determination of the infringer, the collection of evidence, the determination of jurisdiction, there are still many difficulties. China from the Constitution, civil, criminal and other laws of the height, the implementation of a multi-faceted legal protection for the reputation, but the great challenges facing the network, the authors put forward several recommendations: to strengthen the network in legislative activities, improve the network code of conduct to improve network industry self-awareness, build a network ethics.
【Key words】: Internet Reputation Infringement; Identified; Protection
