摘要:元稹的悼亡之作历来为人们所称道，本文以元稹的家庭、婚姻、仕宦等为背景来解读元稹悼亡诗，理清元稹悼亡诗中所蕴含的情感，即诗人所表达的对韦氏的敬爱之情、歉疚之情、思念之情和自悲之情。同时将元稹的悼亡之作放在整个悼亡诗写作的历史长河中，重点考察元稹诗既继承了前人悼亡诗作睹物思人、感旧伤逝、对景伤情等常用的写作范式，又有自己独到的发展和创新，开创了悼亡诗写作中记梦言情，借酒遣悲，寄赠友人、同病相怜等写作范式，对后代悼亡创作产生了积极的影响。
关键词：元稹；悼亡诗；情感内容；写作方式
ABSTRACT:The Yuanzhen’ works mourning for someone’ death, have been praised by people, which will be interpreted and make the elegy’s emotions clear from his family, marriage, and official career. That is to say, its emotions mainly express the feelings of respectation, guilty, miss and tragedy.Yuanzhen’s elegy, being put in the history of elegy, focuses on investigating that he carrys on predecessors’ paradigm of writing that the author stirs his feelings as soon as he sees the sight; that a person holds many transformations and nostalgia in his elegy; that someone uses the writing model whose feelings are affected by the circumstabces in his elegy. And he is on his own unique development and innovation, and he also creates his own writing models with fantastic dreams, diversion by wine, presents for friends, and freemasonry, which have a positive effect on the latter creation.
Keywords: Yuan Zhen；memorial poetry；emotional content； writing style
元稹和韦氏由于夫妻生前门第之差以及妻子不计较身份的贵贱的贤良，同甘共苦的生活，使其悼亡诗打破传统单一式的抒发主体之悲情，而让对象的形象彰显，抒发了对亡妻的敬爱以及歉疚之情。在继承前人的写作方式上又有所开拓形成自己的写作方式，使得中国古代悼亡诗作的写作方式走向了成熟，元稹悼亡诗对其后悼亡诗的写作产生了积极的影响，历为学者好评，清蘅塘退士评其《三遣悲怀》曰：“古今悼亡诗充栋，终无能出此三首范围者，勿以浅近忽之。”，陈寅恪说：“……抒其情，写其事，缠绵哀感，逐成古今悼亡诗一体之绝唱。”，也因此而确立了其在中国诗歌史上悼亡诗大家之地位。
